Average Error: 58.6 → 3.3
Time: 40.9s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \left(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}\]
\[\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original58.6
Target14.4
Herbie3.3
\[\frac{a + b}{a \cdot b}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 58.6

    \[\frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \left(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}\]
  2. Taylor expanded around 0 56.0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\varepsilon \cdot b + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{3} \cdot {b}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}}\]
  3. Simplified54.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\varepsilon \cdot b + \left(\left(\varepsilon \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \varepsilon\right) + \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)}}\]
  4. Taylor expanded around 0 3.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}}\]
  5. Final simplification3.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019007 
(FPCore (a b eps)
  :name "expq3 (problem 3.4.2)"
  :pre (and (< -1 eps) (< eps 1))

  :herbie-target
  (/ (+ a b) (* a b))

  (/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1))))

Details

Time bar (total: 40.1s)Debug log

sample476.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify175.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

175.0ms
(/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1)))

prune9.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 57.9b

localize39.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.5b
(- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)
3.8b
(- (exp (* b eps)) 1)
3.1b
(- (exp (* a eps)) 1)
0.2b
(* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1))

rewrite55.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 67
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

37.0ms
(* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1))
7.0ms
(- (exp (* a eps)) 1)
6.0ms
(- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)

series143.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

51.0ms
(- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)
37.0ms
(* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1))
30.0ms
(- (exp (* b eps)) 1)
25.0ms
(- (exp (* a eps)) 1)

simplify3.6s

Counts
41 → 79
Calls

41 calls. Slowest were:

489.0ms
(* (* (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* a eps)) 1)) (- (exp (* a eps)) 1)) (* (* (- (exp (* b eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1)) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1)))
419.0ms
(* (+ (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* (exp (* b eps)) (exp (* b eps))) (+ (* 1 1) (* (exp (* b eps)) 1))))
385.0ms
(+ (* eps b) (+ (* 1/2 (* (pow eps 2) (pow b 2))) (* 1/6 (* (pow eps 3) (pow b 3)))))

prune1.0s

Pruning

5 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 46.1b

localize43.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.5b
(- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)
3.3b
(/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2)))))
3.1b
(- (exp (* a eps)) 1)
2.0b
(* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))

rewrite80.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 79
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

34.0ms
(/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2)))))
25.0ms
(* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))
10.0ms
(- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)

series1.6s

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.4s
(/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2)))))
150.0ms
(* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))
56.0ms
(- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)
25.0ms
(- (exp (* a eps)) 1)

simplify10.1s

Counts
54 → 91
Calls

54 calls. Slowest were:

634.0ms
(sqrt (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))
484.0ms
(* (+ (* (exp (* a eps)) (exp (* a eps))) (+ (* 1 1) (* (exp (* a eps)) 1))) (+ (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (- (* (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2)) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))) (* (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))))
483.0ms
(/ (* (* (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1))) (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1))) (* (* (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2)))) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (+ (* eps b) (* (* (* eps b) (* eps b)) (+ (* b (* 1/6 eps)) 1/2))))))

prune1.7s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize16.0ms

Local error

Found 1 expressions with local error:

0.0b
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

rewrite7.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
1 → 16
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

7.0ms
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

series12.0ms

Counts
1 → 3
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

simplify48.0ms

Counts
10 → 19
Calls

10 calls. Slowest were:

10.0ms
(* (exp (/ 1 a)) (exp (/ 1 b)))
5.0ms
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))
5.0ms
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

prune171.0ms

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize10.0ms

Local error

Found 1 expressions with local error:

14.6b
(/ (+ b a) (* a b))

rewrite9.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
1 → 21
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

9.0ms
(/ (+ b a) (* a b))

series35.0ms

Counts
1 → 3
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

34.0ms
(/ (+ b a) (* a b))

simplify183.0ms

Counts
15 → 24
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

105.0ms
(/ (* (* (+ b a) (+ b a)) (+ b a)) (* (* (* a b) (* a b)) (* a b)))
34.0ms
(- (log (+ b a)) (log (* a b)))
12.0ms
(- (* b b) (* a a))

prune217.0ms

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

regimes198.0ms

Accuracy

0% (3.1b remaining)

Error of 3.3b against oracle of 0.2b and baseline of 3.3b

bsearch2.0ms

end0.0ms

sample20.2s

Algorithm
intervals