Average Error: 13.4 → 8.6
Time: 28.4s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
\[\sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(h \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}{\ell}} \cdot w0\]

Error

Bits error versus w0

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus d

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 13.4

    \[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied associate-*r/10.0

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h}{\ell}}}\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied unpow210.0

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)} \cdot h}{\ell}}\]
  6. Applied associate-*l*8.6

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h\right)}}{\ell}}\]
  7. Final simplification8.6

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(h \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}{\ell}} \cdot w0\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019005 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (w0 M D h l d)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (9a)"
  (* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))))

Details

Time bar (total: 27.7s)Debug log

sample154.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify91.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

90.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

prune17.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 12.0b

localize32.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

8.5b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
5.0b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.0b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
1.9b
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

rewrite19.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 80
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

5.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
5.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))
4.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series474.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

226.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))
134.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
88.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
25.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify4.7s

Counts
47 → 92
Calls

47 calls. Slowest were:

696.0ms
(sqrt (+ 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
434.0ms
(+ (* (- (log (* M D)) (log (* 2 d))) 2) (log (/ h l)))
390.0ms
(+ (log (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)) (log (/ h l)))

prune1.6s

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

localize13.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.0b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.0b
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))
4.5b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
3.0b
(/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)

rewrite30.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 65
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)
8.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
5.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series273.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

108.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))
75.0ms
(/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)
63.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
26.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify5.5s

Counts
31 → 77
Calls

31 calls. Slowest were:

1.1s
(sqrt (sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l))))
715.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))
704.0ms
(sqrt (* (cbrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l))) (cbrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))))

prune1.1s

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.1b

localize27.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

6.0b
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
5.0b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.0b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.0b
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)))

rewrite12.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 66
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series250.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

142.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)))
53.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
28.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
28.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify2.5s

Counts
31 → 78
Calls

31 calls. Slowest were:

277.0ms
(* 1/2 (/ (* M (* D h)) d))
251.0ms
(* 1/2 (/ (* M (* D h)) d))
246.0ms
(* 1/2 (/ (* M (* D h)) d))

prune1.3s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 7.1b

localize47.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

18.7b
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
18.7b
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
18.7b
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
6.0b
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)

rewrite18.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 64
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
2.0ms
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
2.0ms
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))

series442.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

151.0ms
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
134.0ms
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
124.0ms
(cbrt (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)))
33.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)

simplify3.3s

Counts
35 → 76
Calls

35 calls. Slowest were:

371.0ms
(* (cbrt 1/2) (exp (* 1/3 (- (log (/ 1 d)) (+ (log (/ 1 M)) (log (/ 1 D)))))))
359.0ms
(* (cbrt 1/2) (exp (* 1/3 (- (log (/ 1 d)) (+ (log (/ 1 M)) (log (/ 1 D)))))))
339.0ms
(* (cbrt 1/2) (exp (* 1/3 (- (log (/ 1 d)) (+ (log (/ 1 M)) (log (/ 1 D)))))))

prune1.3s

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 7.1b

regimes1.4s

Accuracy

0% (0.9b remaining)

Error of 8.6b against oracle of 7.8b and baseline of 8.6b

bsearch2.0ms

end0.0ms

sample3.0s

Algorithm
intervals