Average Error: 28.3 → 0.3
Time: 22.1s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[-2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Initial program 28.3

    \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  2. Simplified28.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied flip--28.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  5. Applied associate-/l/28.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
  6. Simplified0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied times-frac0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot -4}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
  9. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-2} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
  10. Final simplification0.3

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019005 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, narrow range"
  :pre (and (< 1.0536712127723509e-08 a 94906265.62425156) (< 1.0536712127723509e-08 b 94906265.62425156) (< 1.0536712127723509e-08 c 94906265.62425156))
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 21.0s)Debug log

sample219.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify66.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

66.0ms
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a))

prune19.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 28.6b

localize49.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

28.4b
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.3b
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite35.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 67
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

21.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
11.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
2.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series269.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

116.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
75.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
46.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
32.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.5s

Counts
34 → 79
Calls

34 calls. Slowest were:

768.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (* b b))
102.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) 3) (pow b 3))
75.0ms
(- (log (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (log (* 2 a)))

prune800.0ms

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

localize17.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.2b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.2b
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))

rewrite35.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 70
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

19.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
8.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
7.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

series321.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

131.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
100.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
55.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
35.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify3.4s

Counts
37 → 82
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

675.0ms
(- (log (* (* a -4) c)) (+ (log (* 2 a)) (log (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
624.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
544.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)) (* (* (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))

prune1.1s

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize6.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.2b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.2b
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite7.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
2.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
1.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series276.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

124.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
70.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
47.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
35.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify547.0ms

Counts
26 → 71
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

242.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (- (* b b) (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
40.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
37.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))

prune808.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize21.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(cbrt (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))))
0.4b
(* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
0.4b
(* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

rewrite25.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 75
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
6.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))))
4.0ms
(* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series224.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

98.0ms
(* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
51.0ms
(* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
37.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
37.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))))

simplify5.0s

Counts
49 → 87
Calls

49 calls. Slowest were:

1.0s
(* (* (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))))
784.0ms
(* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (* b b))
446.0ms
(* (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (* (* (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))))

prune1.2s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes209.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.2b remaining)

Error of 0.3b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.3b

bsearch3.0ms

end0.0ms

sample4.9s

Algorithm
intervals