Average Error: 33.5 → 9.7
Time: 16.0s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -2.835340391058544 \cdot 10^{+148}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 3.587545867948427 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original33.5
Target20.5
Herbie9.7
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \lt 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{a \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -2.835340391058544e+148

    1. Initial program 58.7

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Simplified58.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{2 \cdot a}}\]
    3. Taylor expanded around -inf 2.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}}\]

    if -2.835340391058544e+148 < b < 3.587545867948427e-80

    1. Initial program 12.5

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Simplified12.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{2 \cdot a}}\]

    if 3.587545867948427e-80 < b

    1. Initial program 52.6

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Simplified52.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{2 \cdot a}}\]
    3. Taylor expanded around inf 8.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}}\]
    4. Simplified8.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification9.7

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -2.835340391058544 \cdot 10^{+148}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 3.587545867948427 \cdot 10^{-80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019004 
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "The quadratic formula (r1)"

  :herbie-target
  (if (< b 0) (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)) (/ c (* a (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))))

  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 15.4s)Debug log

sample187.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify97.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

97.0ms
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a))

prune15.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 32.6b

localize22.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

22.0b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
0.8b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
0.3b
(/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b) (* 2 a))
0.0b
(* (* c a) 4)

rewrite47.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 57
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

39.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b) (* 2 a))
2.0ms
(* (* c a) 4)
2.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

series175.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

64.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b) (* 2 a))
56.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
37.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
17.0ms
(* (* c a) 4)

simplify1.7s

Counts
32 → 69
Calls

32 calls. Slowest were:

307.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))) (* b b))
254.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
143.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) 3) (pow b 3))

prune703.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 4.8b

localize6.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

22.0b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
0.8b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
0.4b
(/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
0.2b
(/ 1 (/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))

rewrite29.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 71
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

16.0ms
(/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
7.0ms
(/ 1 (/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))
2.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

series306.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

145.0ms
(/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
86.0ms
(/ 1 (/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))
49.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
26.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

simplify1.8s

Counts
43 → 83
Calls

43 calls. Slowest were:

282.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
163.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))) (+ (* b b) (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))
149.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))) (+ (* b b) (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))

prune813.0ms

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 4.8b

localize22.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

22.0b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)))))
16.3b
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))
16.3b
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))
16.3b
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))

rewrite7.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 41
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

2.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)))))
1.0ms
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))
1.0ms
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))

series456.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

122.0ms
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))
114.0ms
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))
111.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)))))
109.0ms
(cbrt (* (* c a) 4))

simplify1.9s

Counts
21 → 53
Calls

21 calls. Slowest were:

428.0ms
(- b (* 2 (/ (* a c) b)))
332.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) 3)))
205.0ms
(sqrt (- (* (* b b) (* b b)) (* (* (* (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (* (* (cbrt (* (* c a) 4)) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))) (cbrt (* (* c a) 4))))))

prune612.0ms

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 3 done)

Merged error: 4.8b

localize26.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

22.0b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
22.0b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
0.8b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
0.8b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

rewrite18.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 52
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
4.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
4.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))

series154.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

52.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
50.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
26.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
26.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

simplify1.5s

Counts
26 → 64
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

284.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
275.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
142.0ms
(sqrt (- (* (* b b) (* b b)) (* (* (* c a) 4) (* (* c a) 4))))

prune751.0ms

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 4 done)

Merged error: 4.8b

regimes338.0ms

Accuracy

85.1% (4.2b remaining)

Error of 9.7b against oracle of 5.6b and baseline of 33.5b

bsearch405.0ms

end0.0ms

sample3.2s

Algorithm
intervals