Average Error: 13.9 → 0.3
Time: 25.3s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\]
\[\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 13.9

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\]
  2. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{a + b}}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied *-un-lft-identity0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(a + b\right)}}\]
  5. Applied div-inv0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{1 \cdot \left(a + b\right)}\]
  6. Applied times-frac0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{1} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a + b}\right)}\]
  7. Applied associate-*r*0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a + b}}\]
  8. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{1}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a + b}}\]
  9. Taylor expanded around 0 0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a + b}\]
  10. Final simplification0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019004 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  (* (* (/ PI 2) (/ 1 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))))

Details

Time bar (total: 24.8s)Debug log

sample97.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify315.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

315.0ms
(* (* (/ PI 2) (/ 1 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)))

prune22.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

localize37.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b))
0.2b
(/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))
0.2b
(* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b)))
0.0b
(- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

rewrite36.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 173
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

11.0ms
(* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b)))
9.0ms
(/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))
7.0ms
(- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

series180.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

83.0ms
(* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b)))
73.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b))
16.0ms
(/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))
8.0ms
(- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

simplify5.7s

Counts
176 → 185
Calls

176 calls. Slowest were:

879.0ms
(+ (- (log (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))) (log (- b a))) (- (log (/ PI 2)) (log (+ a b))))
325.0ms
(+ (log (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))) (- (log (/ PI 2)) (log (+ a b))))
277.0ms
(/ (* (* (/ PI 2) (/ PI 2)) (/ PI 2)) (* (* (+ a b) (+ a b)) (+ a b)))

prune1.9s

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize17.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ PI 1))
0.2b
(/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))
0.2b
(* (* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ PI 1)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
0.0b
(- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

rewrite46.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 151
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

22.0ms
(* (* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ PI 1)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
10.0ms
(* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ PI 1))
9.0ms
(/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))

series158.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

89.0ms
(* (* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ PI 1)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
43.0ms
(* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ PI 1))
19.0ms
(/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))
8.0ms
(- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

simplify6.7s

Counts
149 → 163
Calls

149 calls. Slowest were:

579.0ms
(* (* (* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))) (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))) (* (* (/ PI 1) (/ PI 1)) (/ PI 1)))
472.0ms
(* (* (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a)) PI) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
362.0ms
(+ (+ (log (/ (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b)) (- b a))) (log (/ PI 1))) (log (/ 1/2 (+ a b))))

prune1.7s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize17.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(/ PI (* a b))
0.2b
(* (/ PI (* a b)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
0.0b
(/ 1/2 (+ a b))

rewrite10.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 50
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

7.0ms
(* (/ PI (* a b)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
1.0ms
(/ 1/2 (+ a b))
1.0ms
(/ PI (* a b))

series134.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

75.0ms
(* (/ PI (* a b)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
30.0ms
(/ 1/2 (+ a b))
28.0ms
(/ PI (* a b))

simplify763.0ms

Counts
29 → 59
Calls

29 calls. Slowest were:

217.0ms
(* (/ PI (* a b)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b)))
196.0ms
(+ (log (/ PI (* a b))) (log (/ 1/2 (+ a b))))
121.0ms
(* (* (* (/ PI (* a b)) (/ PI (* a b))) (/ PI (* a b))) (* (* (/ 1/2 (+ a b)) (/ 1/2 (+ a b))) (/ 1/2 (+ a b))))

prune474.0ms

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize11.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(/ 1 (* a b))
0.3b
(/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b))
0.2b
(* (/ 1 (* a b)) (/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b)))

rewrite21.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 88
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(* (/ 1 (* a b)) (/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b)))
6.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b))
1.0ms
(/ 1 (* a b))

series186.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

88.0ms
(* (/ 1 (* a b)) (/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b)))
85.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) (+ a b))
13.0ms
(/ 1 (* a b))

simplify2.7s

Counts
74 → 97
Calls

74 calls. Slowest were:

433.0ms
(+ (log (/ 1 (* a b))) (- (log (/ PI 2)) (log (+ a b))))
397.0ms
(/ (* (* (/ PI 2) (/ PI 2)) (/ PI 2)) (* (* (+ a b) (+ a b)) (+ a b)))
349.0ms
(+ (- (log (* a b))) (- (log (/ PI 2)) (log (+ a b))))

prune744.0ms

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 3 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes93.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.2b remaining)

Error of 0.3b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.3b

bsearch1.0ms

end0.0ms

sample2.7s

Algorithm
intervals