Average Error: 37.6 → 0.5
Time: 16.2s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -7.2434824827917695 \cdot 10^{-09}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\varepsilon \le 1.199463235959429 \cdot 10^{-08}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon - \sin x\right) + \sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original37.6
Target15.0
Herbie0.5
\[2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if eps < -7.2434824827917695e-09

    1. Initial program 29.9

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied sin-sum0.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]

    if -7.2434824827917695e-09 < eps < 1.199463235959429e-08

    1. Initial program 45.1

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied diff-sin45.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) - x}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) + x}{2}\right)\right)}\]
    4. Simplified0.3

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)}\]

    if 1.199463235959429e-08 < eps

    1. Initial program 30.6

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied sin-sum0.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]
    4. Applied associate--l+0.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon - \sin x\right)}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.5

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -7.2434824827917695 \cdot 10^{-09}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\varepsilon \le 1.199463235959429 \cdot 10^{-08}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon - \sin x\right) + \sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019004 
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))

Details

Time bar (total: 15.1s)Debug log

sample292.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify8.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

7.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))

prune11.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 38.2b

localize28.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

3.8b
(sin (+ x eps))
0.8b
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))

rewrite44.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 24
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

40.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))
3.0ms
(sin (+ x eps))

series51.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

32.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))
19.0ms
(sin (+ x eps))

simplify455.0ms

Counts
13 → 30
Calls

13 calls. Slowest were:

335.0ms
(- eps (+ (* 1/2 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/2 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
37.0ms
(- (+ x eps) (* 1/6 (pow x 3)))
28.0ms
(/ (exp (sin (+ x eps))) (exp (sin x)))

prune251.0ms

Pruning

5 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.5b

localize48.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.2b
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
0.2b
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

rewrite36.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 39
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

15.0ms
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)
12.0ms
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series101.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

63.0ms
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
19.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
19.0ms
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

simplify1.1s

Counts
21 → 48
Calls

21 calls. Slowest were:

375.0ms
(- (* 1/2 eps) (+ (* 1/4 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/4 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
171.0ms
(- (* (+ x x) (+ x x)) (* eps eps))
152.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune464.0ms

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.5b

localize17.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.5b
(cbrt (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))

rewrite14.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 32
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
4.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
4.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series201.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

121.0ms
(cbrt (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))
31.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
27.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
22.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

simplify920.0ms

Counts
15 → 44
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

207.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
180.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/6 (* x eps)) (* 1/6 (pow x 2))))
175.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune609.0ms

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

localize21.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.6b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

rewrite39.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 28
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series108.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

28.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
27.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
27.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
26.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

simplify820.0ms

Counts
12 → 40
Calls

12 calls. Slowest were:

208.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
186.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
152.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune581.0ms

Pruning

12 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

regimes286.0ms

Accuracy

99.5% (0.1b remaining)

Error of 0.5b against oracle of 0.4b and baseline of 15.0b

bsearch316.0ms

end0.0ms

sample8.3s

Algorithm
intervals