Average Error: 13.2 → 8.2
Time: 32.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
\[\sqrt{1 - \frac{h \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]

Error

Bits error versus w0

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus d

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 13.2

    \[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied div-inv13.2

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(h \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}\right)}}\]
  4. Applied associate-*r*10.2

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}}}\]
  5. Using strategy rm
  6. Applied unpow210.2

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)} \cdot h\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}}\]
  7. Applied associate-*l*8.8

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied associate-*l*8.2

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}\right)}}\]
  10. Using strategy rm
  11. Applied un-div-inv8.2

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}{\ell}}}\]
  12. Final simplification8.2

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \frac{h \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019002 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (w0 M D h l d)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (9a)"
  (* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))))

Details

Time bar (total: 31.5s)Debug log

sample143.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify109.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

109.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

prune16.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 13.4b

localize49.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

8.7b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
5.5b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.1b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
3.4b
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

rewrite18.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 80
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

8.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))
5.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series452.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

188.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))
156.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
82.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
26.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify5.6s

Counts
47 → 92
Calls

47 calls. Slowest were:

864.0ms
(sqrt (+ 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
525.0ms
(+ (* (- (log (* M D)) (log (* 2 d))) 2) (log (/ h l)))
462.0ms
(sqrt (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

prune1.5s

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 9.6b

localize16.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.6b
(* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))
5.5b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.1b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))))
4.7b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)

rewrite19.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 72
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

8.0ms
(* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))
5.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series276.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

119.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))))
71.0ms
(* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))
65.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
21.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify4.4s

Counts
38 → 84
Calls

38 calls. Slowest were:

722.0ms
(+ (log (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)) (log (/ 1 l)))
410.0ms
(* 1/4 (/ (* (pow M 2) (* (pow D 2) h)) (pow d 2)))
362.0ms
(* 1/4 (/ (* (pow M 2) (* (pow D 2) h)) (pow d 2)))

prune1.3s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 9.4b

localize28.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.6b
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))
5.5b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.5b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.1b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))))

rewrite55.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 81
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

47.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series226.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

102.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))))
75.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))
27.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
22.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify6.7s

Counts
48 → 93
Calls

48 calls. Slowest were:

874.0ms
(* (* (/ (* (* (* M D) (* M D)) (* M D)) (* (* (* 2 d) (* 2 d)) (* 2 d))) (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))) (* (* (/ 1 l) (/ 1 l)) (/ 1 l)))
671.0ms
(* (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (/ (* M D) (* 2 d))) (/ (* M D) (* 2 d))) (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))) (* (* (/ 1 l) (/ 1 l)) (/ 1 l)))
616.0ms
(+ (+ (log (/ (* M D) (* 2 d))) (log (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))) (log (/ 1 l)))

prune1.1s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 8.7b

localize13.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.8b
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l))
5.5b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.5b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.1b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l)))))

rewrite30.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 72
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

10.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l))
10.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
6.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series225.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

133.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l)))))
57.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l))
19.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
16.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify4.0s

Counts
37 → 84
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

507.0ms
(* (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (* (* (/ 1 l) (/ 1 l)) (/ 1 l)))
456.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l))
380.0ms
(sqrt (- (* 1 1) (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l))) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (/ 1 l))))))

prune820.0ms

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 8.7b

regimes1.1s

Accuracy

0% (1.4b remaining)

Error of 8.2b against oracle of 6.8b and baseline of 8.2b

bsearch3.0ms

end0.0ms

sample3.2s

Algorithm
intervals