Average Error: 43.6 → 0.2
Time: 18.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[-2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Initial program 43.6

    \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  2. Simplified43.6

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied flip--43.6

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  5. Applied associate-/l/43.6

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
  6. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied times-frac0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot -4}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
  9. Simplified0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-2} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
  10. Final simplification0.2

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019002 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, medium range"
  :pre (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c 9007199254740992.0))
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 17.6s)Debug log

sample192.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify92.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

92.0ms
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a))

prune13.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 43.9b

localize19.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

39.7b
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.2b
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite17.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 67
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

10.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
5.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
1.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series251.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

106.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
68.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
48.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
29.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.5s

Counts
34 → 79
Calls

34 calls. Slowest were:

780.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (* b b))
125.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) 3) (pow b 3))
62.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)))

prune790.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

localize10.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
0.2b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))

rewrite24.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 70
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

11.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
8.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
4.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

series330.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

144.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
88.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
67.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
32.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify3.6s

Counts
37 → 82
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

683.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)) (* (* (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
682.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
648.0ms
(- (log (* (* a -4) c)) (+ (log (* 2 a)) (log (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))

prune925.0ms

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize11.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.2b
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite16.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

9.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
5.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
2.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series280.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

125.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
56.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
54.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
41.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify573.0ms

Counts
26 → 71
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

219.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (- (* b b) (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
53.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
50.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))

prune821.0ms

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize22.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
0.2b
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

rewrite2.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 45
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
0.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
0.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

series713.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

332.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
297.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
50.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
34.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.2s

Counts
15 → 57
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

321.0ms
(+ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) b)
278.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 4) (* a b))) (/ (* c (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 2)) (pow b 2))))
156.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (/ (* (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) c) (pow b 2)) (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 4) (* a b)))))

prune725.0ms

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes210.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.1b remaining)

Error of 0.2b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.2b

bsearch2.0ms

end0.0ms

sample5.2s

Algorithm
intervals