Average Error: 29.6 → 7.7
Time: 12.1s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sqrt{\left|\frac{a \cdot a - b \cdot b}{a \cdot a}\right|}\]
\[\sqrt{\left|\frac{b + a}{a} \cdot \frac{a - b}{a}\right|}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 29.6

    \[\sqrt{\left|\frac{a \cdot a - b \cdot b}{a \cdot a}\right|}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied difference-of-squares29.6

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left|\frac{\color{blue}{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \left(a - b\right)}}{a \cdot a}\right|}\]
  4. Applied times-frac7.7

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left|\color{blue}{\frac{a + b}{a} \cdot \frac{a - b}{a}}\right|}\]
  5. Final simplification7.7

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left|\frac{b + a}{a} \cdot \frac{a - b}{a}\right|}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019002 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "Eccentricity of an ellipse"
  :pre (<= 0 b a 1)
  (sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a)))))

Details

Time bar (total: 11.6s)Debug log

sample54.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify213.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

213.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))))

prune21.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

localize14.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

7.3b
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
0.4b
(* (/ b a) (/ b a))
0.0b
(- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))

rewrite5.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 48
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

3.0ms
(* (/ b a) (/ b a))
1.0ms
(- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))
1.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))

series71.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

35.0ms
(- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))
23.0ms
(* (/ b a) (/ b a))
13.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))

simplify1.5s

Counts
28 → 57
Calls

28 calls. Slowest were:

1.0s
(* (* (* (/ b a) (/ b a)) (/ b a)) (* (* (/ b a) (/ b a)) (/ b a)))
61.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
59.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (/ (pow b 2) (pow a 2)))))

prune602.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

localize16.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

8.5b
(* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a))
7.3b
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a)))))
0.2b
(* (/ b a) b)
0.0b
(- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a)))

rewrite12.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 56
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a))
2.0ms
(* (/ b a) b)
2.0ms
(- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a)))

series68.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

28.0ms
(- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a)))
16.0ms
(* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a))
14.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a)))))
9.0ms
(* (/ b a) b)

simplify2.8s

Counts
30 → 68
Calls

30 calls. Slowest were:

864.0ms
(* (* (* (* (/ b a) b) (* (/ b a) b)) (* (/ b a) b)) (* (* (/ 1 a) (/ 1 a)) (/ 1 a)))
503.0ms
(sqrt (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a))))))
437.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (* (/ b a) b) (/ 1 a)))))

prune713.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

localize20.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

12.2b
(cbrt (* (* (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a))))) (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))) (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))))
7.3b
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
7.3b
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
7.3b
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))

rewrite11.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 46
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

9.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a))))) (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))) (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))))
1.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
0.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))

series52.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

15.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
13.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a))))) (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))) (sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))))
12.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))
12.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))

simplify1.1s

Counts
26 → 58
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

68.0ms
(sqrt (* (cbrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a))))) (cbrt (fabs (- 1 (* (/ b a) (/ b a)))))))
63.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (/ (pow b 2) (pow a 2)))))
58.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (- 1 (/ (pow b 2) (pow a 2)))))

prune614.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

localize33.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

20.8b
(/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))
7.3b
(sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))))
0.0b
(- (* a a) (* b b))

rewrite9.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 49
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))
2.0ms
(- (* a a) (* b b))
1.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))))

series60.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

25.0ms
(/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))
22.0ms
(- (* a a) (* b b))
14.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))))

simplify2.0s

Counts
32 → 58
Calls

32 calls. Slowest were:

154.0ms
(sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a))))
152.0ms
(sqrt (sqrt (fabs (/ (- (* a a) (* b b)) (* a a)))))
140.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (* a a) (* b b)) (- (* a a) (* b b))) (- (* a a) (* b b))) (* (* (* a a) (* a a)) (* a a)))

prune482.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

regimes78.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.0b remaining)

Error of 7.7b against oracle of 7.7b and baseline of 7.7b

bsearch1.0ms

end0.0ms

sample1.1s

Algorithm
intervals