Average Error: 36.9 → 0.4
Time: 16.3s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -8.461959348944178 \cdot 10^{-09} \lor \neg \left(\varepsilon \le 8.566149870481886 \cdot 10^{-09}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original36.9
Target14.9
Herbie0.4
\[2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < -8.461959348944178e-09 or 8.566149870481886e-09 < eps

    1. Initial program 29.2

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied sin-sum0.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]

    if -8.461959348944178e-09 < eps < 8.566149870481886e-09

    1. Initial program 45.0

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied diff-sin45.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) - x}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) + x}{2}\right)\right)}\]
    4. Simplified0.4

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -8.461959348944178 \cdot 10^{-09} \lor \neg \left(\varepsilon \le 8.566149870481886 \cdot 10^{-09}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019002 
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))

Details

Time bar (total: 15.0s)Debug log

sample219.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify4.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))

prune8.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 35.6b

localize27.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

3.5b
(sin (+ x eps))
1.2b
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))

rewrite8.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 24
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))
2.0ms
(sin (+ x eps))

series60.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

43.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))
17.0ms
(sin (+ x eps))

simplify448.0ms

Counts
13 → 30
Calls

13 calls. Slowest were:

289.0ms
(- eps (+ (* 1/2 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/2 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
40.0ms
(- (+ x eps) (* 1/6 (pow x 3)))
37.0ms
(* (sin (/ (- (+ x eps) x) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x eps) x) 2)))

prune302.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.3b

localize46.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.3b
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))

rewrite22.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 24
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

13.0ms
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series93.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

63.0ms
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
30.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

simplify649.0ms

Counts
14 → 30
Calls

14 calls. Slowest were:

272.0ms
(- (* 1/2 eps) (+ (* 1/4 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/4 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
185.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
86.0ms
(* (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (* (* (sin (/ eps 2)) (sin (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

prune380.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.3b

localize26.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.5b
(cbrt (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))

rewrite40.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 32
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

14.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series114.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

31.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
28.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
28.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
27.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

simplify917.0ms

Counts
15 → 44
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

192.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
187.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
159.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune485.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.3b

localize28.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
3.5b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.5b
(cbrt (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))

rewrite14.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 32
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

5.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
4.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
4.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series175.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

112.0ms
(cbrt (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))
30.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
17.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
17.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

simplify1.0s

Counts
15 → 44
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

255.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
208.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
198.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/6 (* x eps)) (* 1/6 (pow x 2))))

prune665.0ms

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 3 done)

Merged error: 0.3b

regimes231.0ms

Accuracy

99.6% (0.1b remaining)

Error of 0.4b against oracle of 0.4b and baseline of 14.9b

bsearch308.0ms

end0.0ms

sample8.7s

Algorithm
intervals