Average Error: 14.2 → 0.3
Time: 39.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\]
\[\frac{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} - \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{a + b}\right)\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 14.2

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\]
  2. Initial simplification9.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{(\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{b}\right) + \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{a}\right))_*}{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied *-un-lft-identity9.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot (\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{b}\right) + \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{a}\right))_*}}{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\]
  5. Applied times-frac0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{(\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{b}\right) + \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{a}\right))_*}{b - a}}\]
  6. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot 2} - \frac{\pi}{2 \cdot b}}{b - a}}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied *-un-lft-identity0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot 2} - \frac{\pi}{2 \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(b - a\right)}}\]
  9. Applied div-inv0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot 2} - \color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot b}}}{1 \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\]
  10. Applied div-inv0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{a \cdot 2}} - \pi \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot b}}{1 \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\]
  11. Applied distribute-lft-out--0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a \cdot 2} - \frac{1}{2 \cdot b}\right)}}{1 \cdot \left(b - a\right)}\]
  12. Applied times-frac0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{1} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a \cdot 2} - \frac{1}{2 \cdot b}}{b - a}\right)}\]
  13. Applied associate-*r*0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a \cdot 2} - \frac{1}{2 \cdot b}}{b - a}}\]
  14. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{a + b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{1}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} - \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}}{b - a}}\]
  15. Final simplification0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} - \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{a + b}\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018365 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  (* (* (/ PI 2) (/ 1 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))))

Details

Time bar (total: 34.7s)Debug log

start161.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup464.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 10.9b

localize40.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

11.0b
(/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (* (+ a b) (- b a)))
0.3b
(/ (/ PI 2) a)
0.2b
(fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))

rewrite9.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 58
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (* (+ a b) (- b a)))
2.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) a)
0.0ms
(fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))

series265.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

137.0ms
(/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (* (+ a b) (- b a)))
74.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) a)
54.0ms
(fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))

simplify2.1s

Counts
32 → 67
Calls

32 calls. Slowest were:

375.0ms
(* (+ (* a a) (- (* b b) (* a b))) (+ (* b b) (+ (* a a) (* b a))))
255.0ms
(- (log (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))) (log (* (+ a b) (- b a))))
228.0ms
(/ (* (* (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))) (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))) (* (* (* (+ a b) (+ a b)) (+ a b)) (* (* (- b a) (- b a)) (- b a))))

prune849.0ms

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.3b

localize12.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.4b
(/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (+ a b))
0.3b
(/ (/ PI 2) a)
0.2b
(fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))
0.2b
(/ (/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (+ a b)) (- b a))

rewrite21.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 140
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

7.0ms
(/ (/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (+ a b)) (- b a))
7.0ms
(/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (+ a b))
5.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) a)

series350.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

129.0ms
(/ (/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (+ a b)) (- b a))
96.0ms
(/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (+ a b))
65.0ms
(/ (/ PI 2) a)
60.0ms
(fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))

simplify10.3s

Counts
155 → 152
Calls

155 calls. Slowest were:

493.0ms
(/ (/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (- (* a a) (* b b))) (* (cbrt (- b a)) (cbrt (- b a))))
356.0ms
(/ (/ (* (cbrt (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a))) (cbrt (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)))) (* (cbrt (+ a b)) (cbrt (+ a b)))) 1)
334.0ms
(/ (/ (fma (/ PI 2) (/ -1 b) (/ (/ PI 2) a)) (- (* a a) (* b b))) 1)

prune2.1s

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (11 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize44.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(/ PI (* 2 b))
0.4b
(/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a))
0.3b
(/ PI (* a 2))
0.2b
(* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a)))

rewrite55.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 123
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

34.0ms
(/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a))
18.0ms
(* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a)))
1.0ms
(/ PI (* 2 b))

series345.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

128.0ms
(* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a)))
78.0ms
(/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a))
73.0ms
(/ PI (* 2 b))
66.0ms
(/ PI (* a 2))

simplify5.1s

Counts
101 → 135
Calls

101 calls. Slowest were:

308.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b)))) (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b)))) (* (* (- b a) (- b a)) (- b a)))
296.0ms
(- (pow (/ PI (* a 2)) 3) (pow (/ PI (* 2 b)) 3))
205.0ms
(* 1 (/ (- (/ PI (* a 2)) (/ PI (* 2 b))) (- b a)))

prune2.0s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize20.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ PI 1))
0.3b
(/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a))
0.2b
(* (* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ PI 1)) (/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a)))
0.0b
(/ 1 (+ a b))

rewrite53.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 148
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

27.0ms
(* (* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ PI 1)) (/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a)))
16.0ms
(/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a))
4.0ms
(* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ PI 1))

series234.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

119.0ms
(* (* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ PI 1)) (/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a)))
54.0ms
(* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ PI 1))
35.0ms
(/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a))
26.0ms
(/ 1 (+ a b))

simplify7.9s

Counts
130 → 160
Calls

130 calls. Slowest were:

635.0ms
(* (* (* (* (/ 1 (+ a b)) (/ 1 (+ a b))) (/ 1 (+ a b))) (* (* (/ PI 1) (/ PI 1)) (/ PI 1))) (* (* (/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a)) (/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a))) (/ (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)) (- b a))))
440.0ms
(- (* 1 b) (* (* 2 a) 1/2))
432.0ms
(* (* (/ 1 (+ a b)) PI) (- (/ 1 (* 2 a)) (/ 1/2 b)))

prune2.0s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

regimes152.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.3b remaining)

Error of 0.3b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.3b

bsearch2.0ms