Average Error: 44.0 → 0.2
Time: 22.3s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\frac{c}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + b)_*} \cdot -2\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Initial program 44.0

    \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  2. Initial simplification44.0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied flip--44.1

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  5. Applied associate-/l/44.1

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
  6. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied times-frac0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot -4}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
  9. Simplified0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-2} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
  10. Using strategy rm
  11. Applied add-sqr-sqrt0.3

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}} + b}\]
  12. Applied fma-def0.2

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{\color{blue}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + b)_*}}\]
  13. Final simplification0.2

    \[\leadsto \frac{c}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + b)_*} \cdot -2\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018365 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, medium range"
  :pre (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c 9007199254740992.0))
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 13.4s)Debug log

start212.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup136.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 42.6b

localize30.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

37.1b
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite34.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 67
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

21.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
10.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
2.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series257.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

83.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
73.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
54.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
47.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

simplify1.5s

Counts
34 → 79
Calls

34 calls. Slowest were:

785.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (* b b))
141.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) 3) (pow b 3))
98.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)))

prune976.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

localize21.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
0.1b
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

rewrite44.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 70
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

19.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
16.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
8.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

series382.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

137.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
124.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
74.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
47.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify3.7s

Counts
37 → 82
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

664.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
640.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)) (* (* (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
608.0ms
(- (log (* (* a -4) c)) (+ (log (* 2 a)) (log (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))

prune1.1s

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize8.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.1b
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite8.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
2.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
1.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series284.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

133.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
66.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
56.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
29.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify617.0ms

Counts
26 → 71
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

249.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (- (* b b) (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
50.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
46.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))

prune1.0s

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize14.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))

rewrite1.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 45
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

0.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
0.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
0.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

series738.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

337.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
325.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
44.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
33.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.2s

Counts
15 → 57
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

360.0ms
(+ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) b)
242.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 4) (* a b))) (/ (* c (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 2)) (pow b 2))))
169.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (/ (* (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) c) (pow b 2)) (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 4) (* a b)))))

prune879.0ms

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (5 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes262.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.2b remaining)

Error of 0.2b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.2b

bsearch2.0ms