Average Error: 0.4 → 0.6
Time: 28.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5\]
\[(\left(\cos \left(\left(u2 \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}}\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right) + 0.5)_*\]

Error

Bits error versus u1

Bits error versus u2

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.4

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5\]
  2. Initial simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) + 0.5)_*\]
  3. Taylor expanded around -inf 62.0

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{\left(-2 \cdot \left(\log -1 - \log \left(\frac{-1}{u1}\right)\right)\right)}^{0.5}} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) + 0.5)_*\]
  4. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) + 0.5)_*\]
  5. Using strategy rm
  6. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.6

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right)} + 0.5)_*\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied add-sqr-sqrt0.6

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right) + 0.5)_*\]
  9. Applied associate-*l*0.6

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}} \cdot \left(\sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right) + 0.5)_*\]
  10. Final simplification0.6

    \[\leadsto (\left(\cos \left(\left(u2 \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}}\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right) + 0.5)_*\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018365 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (u1 u2)
  :name "normal distribution"
  :pre (and (<= 0 u1 1) (<= 0 u2 1))
  (+ (* (* (/ 1 6) (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2 PI) u2))) 0.5))

Details

Time bar (total: 23.0s)Debug log

start561.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup134.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

localize31.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.4b
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
0.3b
(* PI (* 2 u2))
0.2b
(pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)
0.0b
(fma (cos (* PI (* 2 u2))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) 0.5)

rewrite17.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 48
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

9.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
3.0ms
(pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)
2.0ms
(* PI (* 2 u2))

series1.8s

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

881.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
469.0ms
(fma (cos (* PI (* 2 u2))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) 0.5)
380.0ms
(pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)
88.0ms
(* PI (* 2 u2))

simplify699.0ms

Counts
18 → 60
Calls

18 calls. Slowest were:

213.0ms
(- (+ 0.5 (* 1/6 (pow (* (pow -2 1.0) (pow (log u1) 1.0)) 0.5))) (* 1/3 (* (* (pow u2 2) (pow PI 2)) (pow (* (pow -2 1.0) (pow (log u1) 1.0)) 0.5))))
146.0ms
(pow (* -2 (- (log -1) (log (/ -1 u1)))) 0.5)
81.0ms
(+ (* 1/6 (* (pow (* (pow (- (log -1) (log (/ -1 u1))) 1.0) (pow -2 1.0)) 0.5) (cos (* 2 (* u2 PI))))) 0.5)

prune945.0ms

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize1.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.4b
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
0.3b
(* PI (* 2 u2))
0.2b
(pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)
0.0b
(fma (cos (* PI (* 2 u2))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) 0.5)

rewrite9.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 48
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
1.0ms
(pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)
1.0ms
(* PI (* 2 u2))

series1.7s

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

824.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
434.0ms
(fma (cos (* PI (* 2 u2))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) 0.5)
390.0ms
(pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)
70.0ms
(* PI (* 2 u2))

simplify650.0ms

Counts
18 → 60
Calls

18 calls. Slowest were:

190.0ms
(- (+ 0.5 (* 1/6 (pow (* (pow -2 1.0) (pow (log u1) 1.0)) 0.5))) (* 1/3 (* (* (pow u2 2) (pow PI 2)) (pow (* (pow -2 1.0) (pow (log u1) 1.0)) 0.5))))
136.0ms
(pow (* -2 (- (log -1) (log (/ -1 u1)))) 0.5)
89.0ms
(+ (* 1/6 (* (pow (* (pow (- (log -1) (log (/ -1 u1))) 1.0) (pow -2 1.0)) 0.5) (cos (* 2 (* u2 PI))))) 0.5)

prune1.2s

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize15.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(cbrt (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
0.5b
(* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6))
0.4b
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
0.4b
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)

rewrite74.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 58
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

29.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
28.0ms
(* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6))
8.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)

series3.9s

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.0s
(cbrt (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
969.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)
950.0ms
(* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6))
936.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)

simplify1.2s

Counts
27 → 70
Calls

27 calls. Slowest were:

637.0ms
(* (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
82.0ms
(+ (log (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (log (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
68.0ms
(* 1/6 (pow (* (pow (- (log -1) (log (/ -1 u1))) 1.0) (pow -2 1.0)) 0.5))

prune1.5s

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize21.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(cbrt (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
0.5b
(* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)))
0.4b
(* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)
0.4b
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)

rewrite159.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 60
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

74.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
66.0ms
(* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)))
10.0ms
(* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)

series4.0s

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.1s
(cbrt (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)))
995.0ms
(* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)
983.0ms
(* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)))
973.0ms
(* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)

simplify1.9s

Counts
30 → 72
Calls

30 calls. Slowest were:

738.0ms
(* (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (* (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))))
174.0ms
(+ (log (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (+ (log (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5))) (log (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))))
151.0ms
(* (* (* (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5) 1/6)) (* (* (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5))) (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5))) (* (* (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6)) (* (sqrt (pow (* -2 (log u1)) 0.5)) 1/6))))

prune1.7s

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

regimes662.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.5b remaining)

Error of 0.6b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.6b

bsearch5.0ms