Average Error: 20.2 → 0.0
Time: 21.8s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]
\[\log_* (1 + (e^{\frac{y + x}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*} \cdot \frac{x - y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*}} - 1)^*)\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus y

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Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original20.2
Target0.1
Herbie0.0
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;0.5 \lt \left|\frac{x}{y}\right| \lt 2:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{2}{1 + \frac{x}{y} \cdot \frac{x}{y}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 20.2

    \[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]
  2. Initial simplification20.2

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{(x \cdot x + \left(y \cdot y\right))_*}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied add-sqr-sqrt20.2

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{(x \cdot x + \left(y \cdot y\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(x \cdot x + \left(y \cdot y\right))_*}}}\]
  5. Applied times-frac20.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x - y}{\sqrt{(x \cdot x + \left(y \cdot y\right))_*}} \cdot \frac{y + x}{\sqrt{(x \cdot x + \left(y \cdot y\right))_*}}}\]
  6. Simplified20.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x - y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*}} \cdot \frac{y + x}{\sqrt{(x \cdot x + \left(y \cdot y\right))_*}}\]
  7. Simplified0.0

    \[\leadsto \frac{x - y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x + y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*}}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied log1p-expm1-u0.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log_* (1 + (e^{\frac{x - y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*} \cdot \frac{x + y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*}} - 1)^*)}\]
  10. Final simplification0.0

    \[\leadsto \log_* (1 + (e^{\frac{y + x}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*} \cdot \frac{x - y}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}^*}} - 1)^*)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018362 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Kahan p9 Example"
  :pre (and (< 0 x 1) (< y 1))

  :herbie-target
  (if (< 0.5 (fabs (/ x y)) 2) (/ (* (- x y) (+ x y)) (+ (* x x) (* y y))) (- 1 (/ 2 (+ 1 (* (/ x y) (/ x y))))))

  (/ (* (- x y) (+ x y)) (+ (* x x) (* y y))))

Details

Time bar (total: 18.9s)Debug log

start73.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup460.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 20.5b

localize40.0ms

Local error

Found 1 expressions with local error:

20.5b
(/ (* (- x y) (+ y x)) (fma x x (* y y)))

rewrite14.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
1 → 31
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

13.0ms
(/ (* (- x y) (+ y x)) (fma x x (* y y)))

series59.0ms

Counts
1 → 3
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

59.0ms
(/ (* (- x y) (+ y x)) (fma x x (* y y)))

simplify3.5s

Counts
25 → 34
Calls

25 calls. Slowest were:

713.0ms
(* (- (* x x) (* y y)) (- (* y y) (* x x)))
418.0ms
(* (- (* x x) (* y y)) (+ y x))
390.0ms
(* (- (* x x) (* y y)) (+ (pow y 3) (pow x 3)))

prune337.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize24.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.0b
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
0.0b
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
0.0b
(/ (- x y) (hypot x y))
0.0b
(hypot x y)

rewrite27.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 121
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

16.0ms
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
6.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
3.0ms
(/ (- x y) (hypot x y))

series210.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

77.0ms
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
63.0ms
(/ (- x y) (hypot x y))
42.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
28.0ms
(hypot x y)

simplify3.0s

Counts
105 → 133
Calls

105 calls. Slowest were:

336.0ms
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
322.0ms
(+ (- (log (- x y)) (log (hypot x y))) (- (log (+ x y)) (log (hypot x y))))
301.0ms
(+ (- (log (- x y)) (log (hypot x y))) (log (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))))

prune1.2s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize7.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(expm1 (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))))
0.0b
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
0.0b
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
0.0b
(/ (- x y) (hypot x y))

rewrite16.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 122
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

9.0ms
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
3.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
3.0ms
(/ (- x y) (hypot x y))

series246.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

94.0ms
(expm1 (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))))
52.0ms
(/ (- x y) (hypot x y))
50.0ms
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
49.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))

simplify3.7s

Counts
106 → 134
Calls

106 calls. Slowest were:

396.0ms
(+ (- (log (- x y)) (log (hypot x y))) (- (log (+ x y)) (log (hypot x y))))
341.0ms
(* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))
341.0ms
(+ (- (log (- x y)) (log (hypot x y))) (log (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))))

prune1.5s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize39.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(expm1 (cbrt (* (* (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))) (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))) (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))))))
0.0b
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
0.0b
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
0.0b
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))

rewrite21.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 104
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
6.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
6.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))

series302.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

145.0ms
(expm1 (cbrt (* (* (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))) (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))) (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))))))
73.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
42.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))
42.0ms
(/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))

simplify2.5s

Counts
94 → 116
Calls

94 calls. Slowest were:

1.2s
(cbrt (* (* (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y))) (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))) (* (/ (- x y) (hypot x y)) (/ (+ x y) (hypot x y)))))
314.0ms
(/ (* (* (+ x y) (+ x y)) (+ x y)) (* (* (hypot x y) (hypot x y)) (hypot x y)))
275.0ms
(/ (* (* (+ x y) (+ x y)) (+ x y)) (* (* (hypot x y) (hypot x y)) (hypot x y)))

prune1.6s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes96.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.0b remaining)

Error of 0.0b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.0b

bsearch2.0ms