Average Error: 43.9 → 0.2
Time: 21.6s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\frac{c}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + b)_*} \cdot -2\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Initial program 43.9

    \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  2. Initial simplification43.9

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied flip--43.9

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  5. Applied associate-/l/43.9

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
  6. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied times-frac0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot -4}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
  9. Simplified0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-2} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
  10. Using strategy rm
  11. Applied add-sqr-sqrt0.3

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}} + b}\]
  12. Applied fma-def0.2

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{\color{blue}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + b)_*}}\]
  13. Final simplification0.2

    \[\leadsto \frac{c}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + b)_*} \cdot -2\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018362 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, medium range"
  :pre (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c 9007199254740992.0))
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 13.3s)Debug log

start267.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup79.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 44.7b

localize23.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

40.8b
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.2b
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite17.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 67
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

11.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
5.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
1.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series263.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

100.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
59.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
53.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
51.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.3s

Counts
34 → 79
Calls

34 calls. Slowest were:

618.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (* b b))
128.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) 3) (pow b 3))
84.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)))

prune881.0ms

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.5b

localize11.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.4b
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.1b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

rewrite22.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 70
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

10.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
8.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
4.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

series275.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

93.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
80.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
65.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
36.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify3.6s

Counts
37 → 82
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

718.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)) (* (* (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
676.0ms
(- (log (* (* a -4) c)) (+ (log (* 2 a)) (log (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
604.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))

prune1.1s

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize8.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite8.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
2.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
1.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series293.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

133.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
63.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
54.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
43.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify643.0ms

Counts
26 → 71
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

243.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (- (* b b) (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
47.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
32.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))

prune975.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize24.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.2b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.2b
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)

rewrite3.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 45
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
0.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)

series760.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

385.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
306.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
36.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
33.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.5s

Counts
15 → 57
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

586.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 4) (* a b))) (/ (* c (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 2)) (pow b 2))))
334.0ms
(+ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) b)
168.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (/ (* (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) c) (pow b 2)) (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 4) (* a b)))))

prune966.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes276.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.2b remaining)

Error of 0.2b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.2b

bsearch1.0ms