Average Error: 33.2 → 10.5
Time: 22.8s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -3.6717571299242915 \cdot 10^{+130}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 0.004516097630920454:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{{b}^{2} - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original33.2
Target20.2
Herbie10.5
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \lt 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{a \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -3.6717571299242915e+130

    1. Initial program 54.0

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Initial simplification54.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Taylor expanded around -inf 3.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}}\]

    if -3.6717571299242915e+130 < b < 0.004516097630920454

    1. Initial program 14.8

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Initial simplification14.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Taylor expanded around -inf 14.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{b}^{2} - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]

    if 0.004516097630920454 < b

    1. Initial program 55.1

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Initial simplification55.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Taylor expanded around inf 6.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}}\]
    4. Simplified6.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification10.5

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -3.6717571299242915 \cdot 10^{+130}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 0.004516097630920454:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{{b}^{2} - \left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot 4} - b}{a \cdot 2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018362 
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "The quadratic formula (r1)"

  :herbie-target
  (if (< b 0) (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)) (/ c (* a (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))))

  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 14.7s)Debug log

start170.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup102.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 30.9b

localize35.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

21.8b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
1.8b
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
0.4b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
0.4b
(/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b) (* 2 a))

rewrite54.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

25.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b) (* 2 a))
21.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
4.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

series229.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

73.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
63.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b) (* 2 a))
59.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
35.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

simplify2.3s

Counts
32 → 71
Calls

32 calls. Slowest were:

453.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
326.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))) (* b b))
160.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) 3) (pow b 3))

prune933.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 4.2b

localize24.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

21.8b
(sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c))))
1.8b
(- (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) b)
0.4b
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
0.4b
(/ (- (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) b) (* 2 a))

rewrite49.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

27.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) b) (* 2 a))
15.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) b)
3.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))

series260.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

96.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) b) (* 2 a))
76.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) b)
45.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
43.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c))))

simplify2.6s

Counts
32 → 71
Calls

32 calls. Slowest were:

517.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c))))) (* b b))
475.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (pow b 2) 3) (pow (* 4 (* a c)) 3)))
209.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))) 3) (pow b 3))

prune915.0ms

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 4.2b

localize9.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

21.8b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
1.8b
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
0.4b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
0.3b
(/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))

rewrite58.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 58
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

27.0ms
(/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
21.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
4.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))

series292.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

130.0ms
(/ (* 2 a) (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
69.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
49.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
44.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

simplify1.9s

Counts
32 → 70
Calls

32 calls. Slowest were:

435.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
163.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))) (+ (* b b) (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))
163.0ms
(sqrt (- (* (* b b) (* b b)) (* (* (* c a) 4) (* (* c a) 4))))

prune1.2s

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 4.2b

localize17.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

21.8b
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
1.8b
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
0.4b
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))
0.3b
(/ 1 (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))

rewrite43.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 55
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

20.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
13.0ms
(/ 1 (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
4.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

series200.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

68.0ms
(sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))
60.0ms
(/ 1 (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b))
46.0ms
(- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)
27.0ms
(- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))

simplify1.6s

Counts
25 → 67
Calls

25 calls. Slowest were:

401.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow (* b b) 3) (pow (* (* c a) 4) 3)))
191.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4)))) (+ (* b b) (* (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* c a) 4))) b)))
167.0ms
(- (* 1/2 (/ 1 b)) (* 1/2 (/ b (* a c))))

prune1.0s

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 4.2b

regimes404.0ms

Accuracy

81.4% (5.2b remaining)

Error of 10.5b against oracle of 5.3b and baseline of 33.2b

bsearch376.0ms