Average Error: 0.5 → 0.5
Time: 16.1s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\]
\[\left(\log \left({\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + 1\right) - \log \left(1 + \left(e^{x} \cdot e^{x} - e^{x}\right)\right)\right) - x \cdot y\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus y

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Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original0.5
Target0.1
Herbie0.5
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 + e^{-x}\right) - \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.5

    \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied flip3-+0.5

    \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{1}^{3} + {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3}}{1 \cdot 1 + \left(e^{x} \cdot e^{x} - 1 \cdot e^{x}\right)}\right)} - x \cdot y\]
  4. Applied log-div0.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left({1}^{3} + {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3}\right) - \log \left(1 \cdot 1 + \left(e^{x} \cdot e^{x} - 1 \cdot e^{x}\right)\right)\right)} - x \cdot y\]
  5. Simplified0.5

    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left({\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + 1\right)} - \log \left(1 \cdot 1 + \left(e^{x} \cdot e^{x} - 1 \cdot e^{x}\right)\right)\right) - x \cdot y\]
  6. Final simplification0.5

    \[\leadsto \left(\log \left({\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + 1\right) - \log \left(1 + \left(e^{x} \cdot e^{x} - e^{x}\right)\right)\right) - x \cdot y\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018362 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Logistic regression 2"

  :herbie-target
  (if (<= x 0) (- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y)) (- (log (+ 1 (exp (- x)))) (* (- x) (- 1 y))))

  (- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y)))

Details

Time bar (total: 10.5s)Debug log

start112.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup47.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.5b

localize21.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

0.5b
(log (+ 1 (exp x)))
0.0b
(- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y))

rewrite5.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 31
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y))
1.0ms
(log (+ 1 (exp x)))

series111.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

58.0ms
(- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y))
53.0ms
(log (+ 1 (exp x)))

simplify166.0ms

Counts
18 → 37
Calls

18 calls. Slowest were:

40.0ms
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))
27.0ms
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))
17.0ms
(log (+ (pow 1 3) (pow (exp x) 3)))

prune400.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

localize30.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.1b
(- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x)))
5.0b
(log (+ (* 1 1) (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x)))))
0.3b
(log (+ (pow (exp x) 3) 1))
0.0b
(pow (exp x) 3)

rewrite32.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 61
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(log (+ (* 1 1) (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x)))))
10.0ms
(- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x)))
6.0ms
(log (+ (pow (exp x) 3) 1))

series284.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

147.0ms
(log (+ (* 1 1) (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x)))))
80.0ms
(log (+ (pow (exp x) 3) 1))
35.0ms
(- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x)))
22.0ms
(pow (exp x) 3)

simplify1.5s

Counts
37 → 73
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

334.0ms
(log (- (* (* 1 1) (* 1 1)) (* (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x))) (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x))))))
197.0ms
(log (+ (pow (* 1 1) 3) (pow (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 (exp x))) 3)))
135.0ms
(log (+ (pow (pow (exp x) 3) 3) (pow 1 3)))

prune1.2s

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

localize18.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

0.0b
(- (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))) (* x y))
0.0b
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))
0.0b
(+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))

rewrite57.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 40
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

46.0ms
(- (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))) (* x y))
8.0ms
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))
2.0ms
(+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))

series107.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

52.0ms
(+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))
30.0ms
(- (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))) (* x y))
25.0ms
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))

simplify1.0s

Counts
18 → 49
Calls

18 calls. Slowest were:

194.0ms
(/ (* 2 (* (exp (* 1/2 x)) (exp (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))) (exp (* x y)))
194.0ms
(/ (exp (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))) (exp (* x y)))
103.0ms
(/ (* 2 (exp (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))) (exp (* x y)))

prune679.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

localize17.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

7.3b
(log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))
0.9b
(exp (log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))))
0.0b
(- (exp (log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))) (* x y))
0.0b
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))

rewrite83.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

50.0ms
(- (exp (log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))) (* x y))
11.0ms
(log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))
11.0ms
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))

series134.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

66.0ms
(log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))
27.0ms
(- (exp (log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))) (* x y))
24.0ms
(+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))
17.0ms
(exp (log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))))

simplify3.2s

Counts
35 → 71
Calls

35 calls. Slowest were:

659.0ms
(exp (log (- (* (log 2) (log 2)) (* (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2)))))))
311.0ms
(- (+ (* 1/8 (/ (pow x 2) (log 2))) (+ (log (log 2)) (* 1/2 (/ x (log 2))))) (* 1/8 (/ (pow x 2) (pow (log 2) 2))))
285.0ms
(/ (exp (exp (log (+ (log 2) (+ (* 1/2 x) (* 1/8 (pow x 2))))))) (exp (* x y)))

prune1.1s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

regimes138.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.3b remaining)

Error of 0.5b against oracle of 0.2b and baseline of 0.5b

bsearch2.0ms