Average Error: 29.0 → 0.0
Time: 17.0s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{2}{1 + e^{-2 \cdot x}} - 1\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -0.007686048224427534 \lor \neg \left(x \le 0.0023370395689180524\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{2}{e^{-2 \cdot x} + 1} \cdot \frac{2}{e^{-2 \cdot x} + 1} - 1}{1 + \frac{2}{e^{-2 \cdot x} + 1}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{2}{15} \cdot {x}^{5} + x\right) - {x}^{3} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus y

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Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -0.007686048224427534 or 0.0023370395689180524 < x

    1. Initial program 0.0

      \[\frac{2}{1 + e^{-2 \cdot x}} - 1\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip--0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{1 + e^{-2 \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{2}{1 + e^{-2 \cdot x}} - 1 \cdot 1}{\frac{2}{1 + e^{-2 \cdot x}} + 1}}\]

    if -0.007686048224427534 < x < 0.0023370395689180524

    1. Initial program 59.1

      \[\frac{2}{1 + e^{-2 \cdot x}} - 1\]
    2. Taylor expanded around 0 0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \frac{2}{15} \cdot {x}^{5}\right) - \frac{1}{3} \cdot {x}^{3}}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.0

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -0.007686048224427534 \lor \neg \left(x \le 0.0023370395689180524\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{2}{e^{-2 \cdot x} + 1} \cdot \frac{2}{e^{-2 \cdot x} + 1} - 1}{1 + \frac{2}{e^{-2 \cdot x} + 1}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{2}{15} \cdot {x}^{5} + x\right) - {x}^{3} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018362 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Logistic function from Lakshay Garg"
  (- (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1))

Details

Time bar (total: 11.8s)Debug log

start137.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup31.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 32.0b

localize13.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

3.6b
(- (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1)
0.0b
(/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))

rewrite5.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 27
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(- (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1)
1.0ms
(/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))

series63.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

47.0ms
(- (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1)
16.0ms
(/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))

simplify365.0ms

Counts
12 → 33
Calls

12 calls. Slowest were:

83.0ms
(+ (* 1 1) (- (* (exp (* -2 x)) (exp (* -2 x))) (* 1 (exp (* -2 x)))))
74.0ms
(- (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5))) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))
67.0ms
(- (+ x 1) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))

prune447.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize19.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

19.0b
(- (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5))) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))
0.1b
(* 1/3 (pow x 3))
0.1b
(* 2/15 (pow x 5))

rewrite7.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 37
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(- (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5))) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))
1.0ms
(* 1/3 (pow x 3))
1.0ms
(* 2/15 (pow x 5))

series80.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

34.0ms
(- (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5))) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))
23.0ms
(* 1/3 (pow x 3))
22.0ms
(* 2/15 (pow x 5))

simplify379.0ms

Counts
17 → 46
Calls

17 calls. Slowest were:

104.0ms
(/ (exp (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5)))) (exp (* 1/3 (pow x 3))))
95.0ms
(- (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5))) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))
72.0ms
(- (+ x (* 2/15 (pow x 5))) (* 1/3 (pow x 3)))

prune656.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize28.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

3.5b
(- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1))
0.0b
(* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))))
0.0b
(/ (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1)) (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1))
0.0b
(/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))

rewrite35.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 93
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

17.0ms
(/ (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1)) (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1))
9.0ms
(- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1))
7.0ms
(* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))))

series201.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

128.0ms
(/ (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1)) (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1))
32.0ms
(- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1))
25.0ms
(* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))))
16.0ms
(/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))

simplify7.5s

Counts
77 → 105
Calls

77 calls. Slowest were:

939.0ms
(* (* (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))))
924.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1)) (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1))) (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1))) (* (* (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1) (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1)) (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1)))
480.0ms
(/ (- (* (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x))))) (* 1 1)) (sqrt (+ (/ 2 (+ 1 (exp (* -2 x)))) 1)))

prune1.3s

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (0 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes261.0ms

Accuracy

100% (0.0b remaining)

Error of 0.0b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 31.6b

bsearch235.0ms