Average Error: 13.3 → 7.9
Time: 33.2s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
\[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}}}\]

Error

Bits error versus w0

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus d

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 13.3

    \[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied associate-*r/10.0

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h}{\ell}}}\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied unpow210.0

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)} \cdot h}{\ell}}\]
  6. Applied associate-*l*8.5

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h\right)}}{\ell}}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied associate-/l*7.8

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}}}\]
  9. Using strategy rm
  10. Applied add-cube-cbrt7.9

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}}}}\]
  11. Final simplification7.9

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h}}}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018360 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (w0 M D h l d)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (9a)"
  (* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))))

Details

Time bar (total: 26.7s)Debug log

start204.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

setup113.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 13.2b

localize25.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

12.1b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
6.9b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
3.8b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
2.9b
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

rewrite13.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 80
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

5.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
3.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

series479.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

245.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))
117.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
93.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
24.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify5.0s

Counts
47 → 92
Calls

47 calls. Slowest were:

846.0ms
(sqrt (+ 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
439.0ms
(+ (* (- (log (* M D)) (log (* 2 d))) 2) (log (/ h l)))
427.0ms
(+ (log (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)) (log (/ h l)))

prune1.8s

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 8.0b

localize26.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

6.9b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
6.5b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
6.3b
(/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)
3.8b
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))

rewrite18.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 65
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)
5.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
4.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)

series320.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

162.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))
86.0ms
(/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)
53.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
20.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify5.1s

Counts
31 → 77
Calls

31 calls. Slowest were:

743.0ms
(sqrt (sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l))))
738.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))
730.0ms
(sqrt (* (cbrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l))) (cbrt (- 1 (/ (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) l)))))

prune1.5s

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.8b

localize30.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

6.9b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
6.9b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
6.3b
(/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)
4.1b
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)

rewrite44.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 66
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

25.0ms
(/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)
8.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
5.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series182.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

89.0ms
(/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)
35.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
33.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
26.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify3.7s

Counts
29 → 78
Calls

29 calls. Slowest were:

1.0s
(* (* M D) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))
591.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (* M D) h))
251.0ms
(* 1/2 (/ (* M (* D h)) d))

prune1.3s

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

localize27.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

6.9b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
6.9b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
4.6b
(/ l (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))
4.1b
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)

rewrite21.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 64
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

8.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
5.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
5.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series153.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

50.0ms
(/ l (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))
42.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
32.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
28.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify2.8s

Counts
26 → 76
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

376.0ms
(* 2 (/ (* l d) (* h (* M D))))
376.0ms
(* 2 (/ (* l d) (* h (* M D))))
342.0ms
(* 2 (/ (* l d) (* h (* M D))))

prune1.4s

Pruning

9 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.3b

regimes2.3s

Accuracy

0% (1.2b remaining)

Error of 7.9b against oracle of 6.7b and baseline of 7.9b

bsearch5.0ms