Average Error: 39.9 → 0.1
Time: 19.0s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sqrt{\frac{e^{2 \cdot x} - 1}{e^{x} - 1}}\]
\[\frac{\sqrt{{\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + 1}}{\sqrt{e^{x} \cdot e^{x} + \left(1 - e^{x}\right)}}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 39.9

    \[\sqrt{\frac{e^{2 \cdot x} - 1}{e^{x} - 1}}\]
  2. Initial simplification0.0

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{e^{x} + 1}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied flip3-+0.1

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{{\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + {1}^{3}}{e^{x} \cdot e^{x} + \left(1 \cdot 1 - e^{x} \cdot 1\right)}}}\]
  5. Applied sqrt-div0.1

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{{\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + {1}^{3}}}{\sqrt{e^{x} \cdot e^{x} + \left(1 \cdot 1 - e^{x} \cdot 1\right)}}}\]
  6. Final simplification0.1

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{{\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} + 1}}{\sqrt{e^{x} \cdot e^{x} + \left(1 - e^{x}\right)}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2018360 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x)
  :name "sqrtexp (problem 3.4.4)"
  (sqrt (/ (- (exp (* 2 x)) 1) (- (exp x) 1))))

Details

Time bar (total: 8.1s)Debug log

start1.3s

Algorithm
intervals

setup99.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize10.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

0.0b
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
0.0b
(+ (exp x) 1)

rewrite9.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 31
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
3.0ms
(+ (exp x) 1)

series52.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

42.0ms
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
10.0ms
(+ (exp x) 1)

simplify303.0ms

Counts
14 → 37
Calls

14 calls. Slowest were:

170.0ms
(- (+ (sqrt 2) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow x 2) (sqrt 2))) (* 1/2 (/ x (sqrt 2))))) (* 1/8 (/ (pow x 2) (pow (sqrt 2) 3))))
59.0ms
(sqrt (- (* (exp x) (exp x)) (* 1 1)))
31.0ms
(+ x (+ (* 1/2 (pow x 2)) 2))

prune406.0ms

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize30.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

4.2b
(- (* 1 1) (* (exp x) 1))
0.0b
(pow (exp x) 3)
0.0b
(* (exp x) (exp x))
0.0b
(+ (pow (exp x) 3) (pow 1 3))

rewrite33.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 87
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

18.0ms
(+ (pow (exp x) 3) (pow 1 3))
7.0ms
(* (exp x) (exp x))
5.0ms
(- (* 1 1) (* (exp x) 1))

series68.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

20.0ms
(- (* 1 1) (* (exp x) 1))
19.0ms
(pow (exp x) 3)
19.0ms
(+ (pow (exp x) 3) (pow 1 3))
9.0ms
(* (exp x) (exp x))

simplify1.5s

Counts
51 → 99
Calls

51 calls. Slowest were:

991.0ms
(- (+ x (+ (* 1/6 (pow x 3)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2)))))
88.0ms
(+ (* (exp x) (exp x)) (- (* 1 1) (* (exp x) 1)))
82.0ms
(+ (* 2 x) (+ (* 2 (pow x 2)) 1))

prune1.4s

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize7.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.7b
(* (sqrt (sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))) (sqrt (sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))))
0.0b
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
0.0b
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
0.0b
(+ (exp x) 1)

rewrite36.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 93
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

17.0ms
(* (sqrt (sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))) (sqrt (sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))))
6.0ms
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
6.0ms
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))

series86.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

30.0ms
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
24.0ms
(sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))
20.0ms
(* (sqrt (sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))) (sqrt (sqrt (+ (exp x) 1))))
11.0ms
(+ (exp x) 1)

simplify1.5s

Counts
66 → 105
Calls

66 calls. Slowest were:

194.0ms
(- (+ (sqrt 2) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow x 2) (sqrt 2))) (* 1/2 (/ x (sqrt 2))))) (* 1/8 (/ (pow x 2) (pow (sqrt 2) 3))))
170.0ms
(- (+ (sqrt 2) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow x 2) (sqrt 2))) (* 1/2 (/ x (sqrt 2))))) (* 1/8 (/ (pow x 2) (pow (sqrt 2) 3))))
136.0ms
(- (+ (sqrt 2) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow x 2) (sqrt 2))) (* 1/2 (/ x (sqrt 2))))) (* 1/8 (/ (pow x 2) (pow (sqrt 2) 3))))

prune1.2s

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (0 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes43.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.0b remaining)

Error of 0.1b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.1b

bsearch5.0ms