Average Error: 0.5 → 0.5
Time: 29.0s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{v \cdot v - 1}\right)\]
\[\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right)\]

Error

Bits error versus v

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.5

    \[\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{v \cdot v - 1}\right)\]
  2. Initial simplification0.5

    \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right)\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied add-exp-log0.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right)\right)}}\]
  5. Using strategy rm
  6. Applied expm1-log1p-u0.5

    \[\leadsto e^{\log \color{blue}{\left((e^{\log_* (1 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right))} - 1)^*\right)}}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied expm1-udef0.5

    \[\leadsto e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log_* (1 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right))} - 1\right)}}\]
  9. Taylor expanded around 0 0.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right)}\]
  10. Final simplification0.5

    \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{(\left(-5 \cdot v\right) \cdot v + 1)_*}{(v \cdot v + -1)_*}\right)\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 29.0s)Debug logProfile

BaselineHerbieOracleSpan%
Regimes0.50.50.50.00%
herbie shell --seed 2018351 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (v)
  :name "Falkner and Boettcher, Appendix B, 1"
  (acos (/ (- 1 (* 5 (* v v))) (- (* v v) 1))))