Average Error: 36.8 → 0.5
Time: 21.9s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
\[\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \sqrt[3]{\log \left(e^{(\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*}\right) \cdot \left((\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*\right)}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Target

Original36.8
Target14.6
Herbie0.5
\[2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 36.8

    \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
  2. Initial simplification36.8

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(\varepsilon + x\right) - \sin x\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied sin-sum22.1

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)} - \sin x\]
  5. Applied associate--l+0.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x - \sin x\right)}\]
  6. Using strategy rm
  7. Applied fma-neg0.4

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \color{blue}{(\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.4

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left((\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*\right) \cdot (\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*}}\]
  10. Using strategy rm
  11. Applied add-log-exp0.5

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \sqrt[3]{\left((\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{(\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*}\right)}}\]
  12. Final simplification0.5

    \[\leadsto \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \sqrt[3]{\log \left(e^{(\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*}\right) \cdot \left((\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin x\right) + \left(-\sin x\right))_*\right)}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 21.9s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018348 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))