Average Error: 0.4 → 0.9
Time: 17.9s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -3052060746915.3:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right)\right) - y \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left((\left((x \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1)_*\right) \cdot x + 2)_*\right) - y \cdot x\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus y

Target

Original0.4
Target0.0
Herbie0.9
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 + e^{-x}\right) - \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -3052060746915.3

    1. Initial program 0

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-sqr-sqrt0

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}} \cdot \sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right)} - x \cdot y\]
    4. Applied log-prod0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right)\right)} - x \cdot y\]

    if -3052060746915.3 < x

    1. Initial program 0.6

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\]
    2. Taylor expanded around 0 1.2

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(x + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {x}^{2} + 2\right)\right)} - x \cdot y\]
    3. Simplified1.2

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left((\left((x \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1)_*\right) \cdot x + 2)_*\right)} - x \cdot y\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.9

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -3052060746915.3:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt{1 + e^{x}}\right)\right) - y \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left((\left((x \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1)_*\right) \cdot x + 2)_*\right) - y \cdot x\\ \end{array}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 17.9s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018346 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Logistic regression 2"

  :herbie-target
  (if (<= x 0) (- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y)) (- (log (+ 1 (exp (- x)))) (* (- x) (- 1 y))))

  (- (log (+ 1 (exp x))) (* x y)))