Average Error: 36.5 → 0.6
Time: 3.4m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 2368
\[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
\[\log \left(e^{\frac{\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)} - \frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\right) + (\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right) + \left(\frac{(\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) + 1)_* \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right))_*\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Target

Original36.5
Target14.8
Herbie0.6
\[\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x \cdot \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 36.5

    \[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied tan-sum21.7

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied flip--21.8

    \[\leadsto \frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}{1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}}} - \tan x\]
  6. Applied associate-/r/21.8

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 \cdot 1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)} - \tan x\]
  7. Applied fma-neg21.7

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{(\left(\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 \cdot 1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\tan x\right))_*}\]
  8. Simplified21.7

    \[\leadsto (\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \left(\tan \varepsilon \cdot \tan x\right) \cdot \left(\tan \varepsilon \cdot \tan x\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\tan x\right))_*\]
  9. Taylor expanded around inf 21.9

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}{{\left(\cos x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\cos \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}{\cos x \cdot \left({\left(\cos \varepsilon\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}{{\left(\cos x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\cos \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{2} \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{{\left(\cos x\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}{{\left(\cos x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\cos \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} + \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}{{\left(\cos x\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\cos \varepsilon\right)}^{2}}\right)}\right)\right)\right) - \frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\]
  10. Simplified0.6

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{(\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right) + \left(\frac{(\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) + 1)_* \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right))_* + \left(\frac{\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)} - \frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right)}\]
  11. Using strategy rm
  12. Applied add-log-exp0.6

    \[\leadsto (\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right) + \left(\frac{(\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) + 1)_* \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right))_* + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\frac{\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)} - \frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\right)}\]
  13. Final simplification0.6

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\frac{\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)} - \frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\right) + (\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right) + \left(\frac{(\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right) + 1)_* \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon}}{1 - \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon} \cdot \frac{\sin x}{\cos \varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x} \cdot \frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x}\right)}\right))_*\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 3.4m)Debug logProfile

BaselineHerbieOracleSpan%
Regimes0.60.60.30.30%
herbie shell --seed 2018290 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2tan (problem 3.3.2)"

  :herbie-target
  (/ (sin eps) (* (cos x) (cos (+ x eps))))

  (- (tan (+ x eps)) (tan x)))