Average Error: 29.9 → 0.1
Time: 12.2s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 1344
\[\log \left(N + 1\right) - \log N\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;N \le 7338.078083499445:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{1 + N}{N}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;(\left(\frac{1}{N \cdot N}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{N} - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{N}\right))_*\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus N

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if N < 7338.078083499445

    1. Initial program 0.1

      \[\log \left(N + 1\right) - \log N\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied diff-log0.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{N + 1}{N}\right)}\]

    if 7338.078083499445 < N

    1. Initial program 59.5

      \[\log \left(N + 1\right) - \log N\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied diff-log59.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{N + 1}{N}\right)}\]
    4. Taylor expanded around inf 0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{N}^{3}} + \frac{1}{N}\right) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{{N}^{2}}}\]
    5. Simplified0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{(\left(\frac{1}{N \cdot N}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{N} - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{N}\right))_*}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.1

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;N \le 7338.078083499445:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{1 + N}{N}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;(\left(\frac{1}{N \cdot N}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{N} - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{N}\right))_*\\ \end{array}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 12.2s)Debug logProfile

BaselineHerbieOracleSpan%
Regimes29.80.10.129.7100%
herbie shell --seed 2018285 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (N)
  :name "2log (problem 3.3.6)"
  (- (log (+ N 1)) (log N)))