Average Error: 37.6 → 0.4
Time: 32.1s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 2368
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
\[\frac{\left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-\sin \varepsilon\right)}{1 + \cos \varepsilon} + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original37.6
Target15.2
Herbie0.4
\[2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 37.6

    \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
  2. Initial simplification37.6

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(\varepsilon + x\right) - \sin x\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied sin-sum22.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)} - \sin x\]
  5. Applied associate--l+0.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x - \sin x\right)}\]
  6. Using strategy rm
  7. Applied add-log-exp0.5

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x - \sin x}\right)}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied *-un-lft-identity0.5

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \log \left(e^{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x - \color{blue}{1 \cdot \sin x}}\right)\]
  10. Applied distribute-rgt-out--0.5

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\sin x \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon - 1\right)}}\right)\]
  11. Applied exp-prod0.5

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \log \color{blue}{\left({\left(e^{\sin x}\right)}^{\left(\cos \varepsilon - 1\right)}\right)}\]
  12. Applied log-pow0.5

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \color{blue}{\left(\cos \varepsilon - 1\right) \cdot \log \left(e^{\sin x}\right)}\]
  13. Using strategy rm
  14. Applied flip--0.6

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos \varepsilon - 1 \cdot 1}{\cos \varepsilon + 1}} \cdot \log \left(e^{\sin x}\right)\]
  15. Applied associate-*l/0.6

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos \varepsilon - 1 \cdot 1\right) \cdot \log \left(e^{\sin x}\right)}{\cos \varepsilon + 1}}\]
  16. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}}{\cos \varepsilon + 1}\]
  17. Final simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-\sin \varepsilon\right)}{1 + \cos \varepsilon} + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 32.1s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018273 
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))