Average Error: 58.0 → 0.7
Time: 12.4s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 1344
\[\frac{e^{x} - e^{-x}}{2}\]
\[\frac{(\left((\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6} + \left({x}^{4} \cdot \frac{1}{120}\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{8} \cdot x\right) + \left(\sqrt[3]{8} \cdot x\right))_*}{2}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Derivation

  1. Initial program 58.0

    \[\frac{e^{x} - e^{-x}}{2}\]
  2. Taylor expanded around 0 0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot x + \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot {x}^{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot {x}^{5}\right)}}{2}\]
  3. Simplified0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{(\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right) \cdot x + \left({x}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right))_*}}{2}\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied add-cbrt-cube39.8

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left((\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right) \cdot x + \left({x}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right))_* \cdot (\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right) \cdot x + \left({x}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right))_*\right) \cdot (\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right) \cdot x + \left({x}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right))_*}}}{2}\]
  6. Taylor expanded around 0 35.6

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\log 8 + 3 \cdot \log x\right)} + \left(\frac{1}{120} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\log 8 + 3 \cdot \log x\right)} \cdot {x}^{4}\right) + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\log 8 + 3 \cdot \log x\right)} \cdot {x}^{2}\right)\right)}}{2}\]
  7. Simplified0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{(\left((\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6} + \left({x}^{4} \cdot \frac{1}{120}\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{8} \cdot x\right) + \left(\sqrt[3]{8} \cdot x\right))_*}}{2}\]
  8. Final simplification0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{(\left((\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6} + \left({x}^{4} \cdot \frac{1}{120}\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{8} \cdot x\right) + \left(\sqrt[3]{8} \cdot x\right))_*}{2}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 12.4s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018252 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Hyperbolic sine"
  (/ (- (exp x) (exp (- x))) 2))