Average Error: 13.0 → 0.4
Time: 50.7s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 1344
\[\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\]
\[\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right)}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \sqrt[3]{\left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_* \cdot \left({\left(\sin \phi_1\right)}^{3} \cdot {\left(\cos \phi_2\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right)}}\]

Error

Bits error versus lambda1

Bits error versus lambda2

Bits error versus phi1

Bits error versus phi2

Derivation

  1. Initial program 13.0

    \[\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied sin-diff6.7

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied cos-diff0.2

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}\]
  6. Using strategy rm
  7. Applied log1p-expm1-u0.2

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \color{blue}{\log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)}\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.2

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}}\]
  10. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.2

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}\]
  11. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.4

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}\]
  12. Applied cbrt-unprod0.4

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2\right)}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}\]
  13. Applied cbrt-unprod0.4

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right)}}}\]
  14. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\left(\left({\left(\sin \phi_1\right)}^{3} \cdot {\left(\cos \phi_2\right)}^{3}\right) \cdot (\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right) \cdot \left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right)}}}\]
  15. Final simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1 - \log_* (1 + (e^{\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2} - 1)^*)\right)}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \sqrt[3]{\left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_* \cdot \left({\left(\sin \phi_1\right)}^{3} \cdot {\left(\cos \phi_2\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_* \cdot (\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right)}}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 50.7s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018250 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
  :name "Bearing on a great circle"
  (atan2 (* (sin (- lambda1 lambda2)) (cos phi2)) (- (* (cos phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (sin phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))))