Average Error: 17.4 → 0.4
Time: 42.7s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 1344
\[\left(J \cdot \left(e^{\ell} - e^{-\ell}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
\[U + \left(\cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{60} \cdot {\ell}^{5} + \ell \cdot (\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_*\right)\right) \cdot J\]

Error

Bits error versus J

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus K

Bits error versus U

Derivation

  1. Initial program 17.4

    \[\left(J \cdot \left(e^{\ell} - e^{-\ell}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
  2. Taylor expanded around 0 0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(J \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \ell + \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot {\ell}^{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot {\ell}^{5}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
  3. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(J \cdot \color{blue}{(\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_*\right) \cdot \ell + \left({\ell}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right))_*}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied fma-udef0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(J \cdot \color{blue}{\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_* \cdot \ell + {\ell}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
  6. Applied distribute-rgt-in0.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_* \cdot \ell\right) \cdot J + \left({\ell}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right) \cdot J\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied distribute-rgt-out0.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(J \cdot \left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_* \cdot \ell + {\ell}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right)\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) + U\]
  9. Applied associate-*l*0.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{J \cdot \left(\left((\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_* \cdot \ell + {\ell}^{5} \cdot \frac{1}{60}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right)\right)} + U\]
  10. Final simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto U + \left(\cos \left(\frac{K}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{60} \cdot {\ell}^{5} + \ell \cdot (\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) + 2)_*\right)\right) \cdot J\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 42.7s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018248 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (J l K U)
  :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (4)"
  (+ (* (* J (- (exp l) (exp (- l)))) (cos (/ K 2))) U))