Average Error: 33.8 → 13.2
Time: 1.8m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 3392
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -1.9412614325943314 \cdot 10^{-171}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + \left(-b\right))_*}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 4.39856869486847 \cdot 10^{+122}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{4 \cdot \left(-c\right)}{2 \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{4 \cdot \left(-c\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b + b\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -1.9412614325943314e-171

    1. Initial program 23.0

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Initial simplification23.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Using strategy rm
    4. Applied add-sqr-sqrt23.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    5. Applied sqrt-prod23.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    6. Applied fma-neg23.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + \left(-b\right))_*}}{2 \cdot a}\]

    if -1.9412614325943314e-171 < b < 4.39856869486847e+122

    1. Initial program 30.2

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Initial simplification30.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Using strategy rm
    4. Applied flip--30.5

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    5. Applied associate-/l/35.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
    6. Simplified20.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-4\right)}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
    7. Using strategy rm
    8. Applied times-frac15.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c \cdot a}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-4}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
    9. Simplified9.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{2}} \cdot \frac{-4}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
    10. Using strategy rm
    11. Applied frac-times9.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c \cdot \left(-4\right)}{2 \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]

    if 4.39856869486847e+122 < b

    1. Initial program 59.9

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Initial simplification59.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Using strategy rm
    4. Applied flip--60.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    5. Applied associate-/l/60.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
    6. Simplified35.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-4\right)}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
    7. Using strategy rm
    8. Applied times-frac34.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c \cdot a}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-4}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
    9. Simplified34.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{2}} \cdot \frac{-4}{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
    10. Using strategy rm
    11. Applied frac-times34.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c \cdot \left(-4\right)}{2 \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
    12. Taylor expanded around 0 2.5

      \[\leadsto \frac{c \cdot \left(-4\right)}{2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{b} + b\right)}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification13.2

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -1.9412614325943314 \cdot 10^{-171}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\right) + \left(-b\right))_*}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 4.39856869486847 \cdot 10^{+122}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{4 \cdot \left(-c\right)}{2 \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{4 \cdot \left(-c\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b + b\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 1.8m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018215 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, full range"
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))