Average Error: 25.7 → 19.5
Time: 3.7m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 576
\[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
↓
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 1.85432241176355 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \frac{h \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2}}{2 \cdot \ell}\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{\ell}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 3.532898982346642 \cdot 10^{-76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{1}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{h \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2}}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \left({\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left({\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left({d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus d

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes

  2. if l < 1.85432241176355e-310

    1. Initial program 25.4

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied associate-*l/25.4

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}}{2}} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]

    4. Applied frac-times24.8

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}}\right)\]

    5. Taylor expanded around -inf 22.5

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{\ell}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]

    if 1.85432241176355e-310 < l < 3.532898982346642e-76

    1. Initial program 29.7

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied associate-*l/29.7

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}}{2}} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]

    4. Applied frac-times23.3

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}}\right)\]
    5. Using strategy rm

    6. Applied div-inv23.3

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(d \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]

    7. Applied unpow-prod-down11.8

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]

    if 3.532898982346642e-76 < l

    1. Initial program 25.0

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied div-inv25.0

      \[\leadsto \left({\color{blue}{\left(d \cdot \frac{1}{h}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]

    4. Applied unpow-prod-down18.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

  4. Applied simplify19.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 1.85432241176355 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \frac{h \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2}}{2 \cdot \ell}\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{\ell}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 3.532898982346642 \cdot 10^{-76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{1}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{h \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2}}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \left({\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left({\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left({d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 3.7m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018199 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (d h l M D)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (12)"
  (* (* (pow (/ d h) (/ 1 2)) (pow (/ d l) (/ 1 2))) (- 1 (* (* (/ 1 2) (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)) (/ h l)))))