Average Error: 33.4 → 7.0
Time: 2.6m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 3392
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;-b \le -2.2558475779903147 \cdot 10^{+76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{if}\;-b \le 6.07119090972316 \cdot 10^{-184}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}\\ \mathbf{if}\;-b \le 2.5282880615562266 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(-4\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{4 \cdot c}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Target

Original33.4
Target20.7
Herbie7.0
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \lt 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{a \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 4 regimes
  2. if (- b) < -2.2558475779903147e+76

    1. Initial program 39.8

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around inf 10.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{c \cdot a}{b} - 2 \cdot b}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Applied simplify4.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} \cdot 1 - \frac{b}{a}}\]

    if -2.2558475779903147e+76 < (- b) < 6.07119090972316e-184

    1. Initial program 11.3

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied clear-num11.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}}\]

    if 6.07119090972316e-184 < (- b) < 2.5282880615562266e+91

    1. Initial program 36.0

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip--36.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} \cdot \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    4. Applied simplify15.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(4 \cdot c\right) \cdot a}}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    5. Applied simplify15.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\left(4 \cdot c\right) \cdot a}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    6. Using strategy rm
    7. Applied add-cube-cbrt16.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\left(4 \cdot c\right) \cdot a}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    8. Applied times-frac13.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot c}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}} \cdot \frac{a}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    9. Applied times-frac7.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4 \cdot c}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{a}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}{a}}\]
    10. Applied simplify7.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{4 \cdot c}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(-4\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}\]

    if 2.5282880615562266e+91 < (- b)

    1. Initial program 58.6

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around -inf 40.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) - \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{c \cdot a}{b} - b\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    3. Applied simplify2.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{\frac{b}{1}}}\]
  3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.
  4. Applied simplify7.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;-b \le -2.2558475779903147 \cdot 10^{+76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{if}\;-b \le 6.07119090972316 \cdot 10^{-184}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}\\ \mathbf{if}\;-b \le 2.5282880615562266 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(-4\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}} \cdot \frac{\frac{4 \cdot c}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{(\left(-4\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}}}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 2.6m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018193 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "The quadratic formula (r2)"

  :herbie-target
  (if (< b 0) (/ c (* a (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4 (* a c))))) (* 2 a)))) (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4 (* a c))))) (* 2 a)))

  (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4 (* a c))))) (* 2 a)))