Average Error: 29.6 → 0.4
Time: 5.8m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 1344
\[\frac{x}{x + 1} - \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{x}{x + 1} - \frac{x + 1}{x - 1} \le 2.1316266130167845 \cdot 10^{-219}:\\ \;\;\;\;(\left(1 + \frac{3}{x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{x \cdot x}\right) + \left(-\frac{3}{x}\right))_*\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{x}{x + 1} \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x - 1\right)\right) - \left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(x + 1\right)\right)}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x - 1\right)\right)}}{\frac{x}{x + 1} + \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (- (/ x (+ x 1)) (/ (+ x 1) (- x 1))) < 2.1316266130167845e-219

    1. Initial program 59.6

      \[\frac{x}{x + 1} - \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around inf 0.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(3 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{3}} + \left(3 \cdot \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)\right)}\]
    3. Applied simplify0.2

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{(\left(1 + \frac{3}{x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{x \cdot x}\right) + \left(-\frac{3}{x}\right))_*}\]

    if 2.1316266130167845e-219 < (- (/ x (+ x 1)) (/ (+ x 1) (- x 1)))

    1. Initial program 0.6

      \[\frac{x}{x + 1} - \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip--0.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{x}{x + 1} \cdot \frac{x}{x + 1} - \frac{x + 1}{x - 1} \cdot \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}}{\frac{x}{x + 1} + \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}}}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied frac-times0.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{x}{x + 1} \cdot \frac{x}{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(x + 1\right)}{\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x - 1\right)}}}{\frac{x}{x + 1} + \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}}\]
    6. Applied associate-*r/0.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{x}{x + 1} \cdot x}{x + 1}} - \frac{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(x + 1\right)}{\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x - 1\right)}}{\frac{x}{x + 1} + \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}}\]
    7. Applied frac-sub0.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{x}{x + 1} \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x - 1\right)\right) - \left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(x + 1\right)\right)}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x - 1\right)\right)}}}{\frac{x}{x + 1} + \frac{x + 1}{x - 1}}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

Runtime

Time bar (total: 5.8m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018178 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Asymptote C"
  (- (/ x (+ x 1)) (/ (+ x 1) (- x 1))))