Average Error: 36.7 → 0.5
Time: 39.0s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 2368
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -1.0157156883068818 \cdot 10^{-07} \lor \neg \left(\varepsilon \le 5.159744887619244 \cdot 10^{-11}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x + \left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \sin x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left((e^{\log_* (1 + \cos \left(\frac{x + \left(\varepsilon + x\right)}{2}\right))} - 1)^* \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original36.7
Target14.8
Herbie0.5
\[2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < -1.0157156883068818e-07 or 5.159744887619244e-11 < eps

    1. Initial program 29.2

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied sin-sum0.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]
    4. Applied associate--l+0.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon - \sin x\right)}\]

    if -1.0157156883068818e-07 < eps < 5.159744887619244e-11

    1. Initial program 44.9

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied diff-sin44.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) - x}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) + x}{2}\right)\right)}\]
    4. Applied simplify0.3

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{x + \left(\varepsilon + x\right)}{2}\right)\right)}\]
    5. Using strategy rm
    6. Applied expm1-log1p-u0.3

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{(e^{\log_* (1 + \cos \left(\frac{x + \left(\varepsilon + x\right)}{2}\right))} - 1)^*}\right)\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Applied simplify0.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -1.0157156883068818 \cdot 10^{-07} \lor \neg \left(\varepsilon \le 5.159744887619244 \cdot 10^{-11}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos \varepsilon \cdot \sin x + \left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \sin x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left((e^{\log_* (1 + \cos \left(\frac{x + \left(\varepsilon + x\right)}{2}\right))} - 1)^* \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 39.0s)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed 2018167 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))