Average Error: 25.9 → 19.1
Time: 4.7m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 576
\[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le -1.1003030402541857 \cdot 10^{+98}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{h}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le -2.251753872562753 \cdot 10^{-309}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{\ell}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)} \cdot \left({\left(\left|\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}\right| \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 3.6955025760133385 \cdot 10^{+72}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(\frac{1}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left({\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{1}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus d

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Derivation

  1. Split input into 4 regimes
  2. if l < -1.1003030402541857e+98

    1. Initial program 28.2

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Taylor expanded around -inf 24.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{h}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]

    if -1.1003030402541857e+98 < l < -2.251753872562753e-309

    1. Initial program 22.8

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-*l/22.8

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}}{2}} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    4. Applied frac-times20.2

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}}\right)\]
    5. Using strategy rm
    6. Applied add-sqr-sqrt20.2

      \[\leadsto \left({\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]
    7. Applied unpow-prod-down20.3

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]
    8. Using strategy rm
    9. Applied add-cube-cbrt20.4

      \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]
    10. Applied sqrt-prod20.4

      \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]
    11. Applied simplify20.4

      \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{\left|\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}\right|} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]
    12. Taylor expanded around -inf 17.8

      \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\left|\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}\right| \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{\ell}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]

    if -2.251753872562753e-309 < l < 3.6955025760133385e+72

    1. Initial program 24.9

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-*l/24.9

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}}{2}} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    4. Applied frac-times21.0

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}}\right)\]
    5. Using strategy rm
    6. Applied div-inv21.0

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(d \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]
    7. Applied unpow-prod-down14.2

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\left(1 \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\]

    if 3.6955025760133385e+72 < l

    1. Initial program 28.0

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied div-inv28.0

      \[\leadsto \left({\color{blue}{\left(d \cdot \frac{1}{h}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    4. Applied unpow-prod-down20.5

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
  3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.
  4. Applied simplify19.1

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le -1.1003030402541857 \cdot 10^{+98}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{h}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le -2.251753872562753 \cdot 10^{-309}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{-1}{\ell}\right) - \log \left(\frac{-1}{d}\right)\right)} \cdot \left({\left(\left|\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}\right| \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\frac{d}{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 3.6955025760133385 \cdot 10^{+72}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(\frac{1}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \frac{{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h}{2 \cdot \ell}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left({\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{1}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {d}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}}\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 4.7m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed '#(1072361757 3390613284 2339397988 1175251238 145061547 3101881848)' +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (d h l M D)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (12)"
  (* (* (pow (/ d h) (/ 1 2)) (pow (/ d l) (/ 1 2))) (- 1 (* (* (/ 1 2) (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)) (/ h l)))))