Average Error: 33.1 → 24.6
Time: 3.9m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 576
\[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \cdot \left(U \cdot 2\right) \le -2.0818485905380537 \cdot 10^{-154}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(\left(\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{n}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;n \cdot \left(U \cdot 2\right) \le 2.1489541228283426 \cdot 10^{-302}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus n

Bits error versus U

Bits error versus t

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus Om

Bits error versus U*

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (* n (* U 2)) < -2.0818485905380537e-154

    1. Initial program 26.0

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-cube-cbrt26.0

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Applied unpow-prod-down26.0

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    5. Applied associate-*r*25.1

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    6. Applied simplify25.9

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{n}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\ell}{Om}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]

    if -2.0818485905380537e-154 < (* n (* U 2)) < 2.1489541228283426e-302

    1. Initial program 47.4

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*45.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied associate-*l*34.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}}\]

    if 2.1489541228283426e-302 < (* n (* U 2))

    1. Initial program 27.8

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*24.7

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied sqrt-prod16.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

Runtime

Time bar (total: 3.9m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed '#(1072107073 2127697367 3936270018 2300570620 2134894798 4023771849)' 
(FPCore (n U t l Om U*)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (13)"
  (sqrt (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*))))))