Average Error: 16.6 → 3.9
Time: 2.1m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 2112
\[\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R\]
\[e^{\log \left(\log \left(e^{\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot R\]

Error

Bits error versus R

Bits error versus lambda1

Bits error versus lambda2

Bits error versus phi1

Bits error versus phi2

Derivation

  1. Initial program 16.6

    \[\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied cos-diff3.9

    \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}\right) \cdot R\]
  4. Applied distribute-lft-in3.9

    \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right)}\right) \cdot R\]
  5. Using strategy rm
  6. Applied add-exp-log3.9

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right)\right)\right)}} \cdot R\]
  7. Applied simplify3.9

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}} \cdot R\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied add-log-exp3.9

    \[\leadsto e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}\right)\right)}} \cdot R\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 2.1m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed '#(1071979731 1496239409 439705970 2863295848 982327776 189749553)' 
(FPCore (R lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
  :name "Spherical law of cosines"
  (* (acos (+ (* (sin phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (cos phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))) R))