Average Error: 33.5 → 26.0
Time: 3.0m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 384
\[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;2 \cdot \left(U \cdot n\right) \le -6.7310219018732 \cdot 10^{-318}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{(\left(U* - U\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)\right) + \left(t - \frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot 2\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot U\right) + \left(0 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot 2\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;2 \cdot \left(U \cdot n\right) \le 4.9505377713293 \cdot 10^{-321}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{(2 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{n}{Om} \cdot \frac{n}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(\left(U* \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) - \left(\ell \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\ell \cdot U\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(U \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot n\right)\right))_*}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus n

Bits error versus U

Bits error versus t

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus Om

Bits error versus U*

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (* 2 (* U n)) < -6.7310219018732e-318

    1. Initial program 29.2

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-cube-cbrt29.5

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}} - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Applied prod-diff29.5

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left((\left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) + \left(-\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* + (\left(-\left(U - U*\right)\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_*\right)}}\]
    5. Applied distribute-rgt-in29.5

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{(\left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) + \left(-\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) + (\left(-\left(U - U*\right)\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right)}}\]
    6. Applied simplify25.1

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{(\left(U* - U\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)\right) + \left(t - \frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot 2\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot U\right)} + (\left(-\left(U - U*\right)\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right)}\]
    7. Applied simplify24.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{(\left(U* - U\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)\right) + \left(t - \frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot 2\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot U\right) + \color{blue}{\left(0 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot 2\right)}}\]

    if -6.7310219018732e-318 < (* 2 (* U n)) < 4.9505377713293e-321

    1. Initial program 57.0

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-cube-cbrt57.0

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}} - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Applied prod-diff57.0

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left((\left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) + \left(-\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* + (\left(-\left(U - U*\right)\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_*\right)}}\]
    5. Applied distribute-rgt-in57.0

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{(\left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}}\right) + \left(-\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) + (\left(-\left(U - U*\right)\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right)}}\]
    6. Applied simplify56.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{(\left(U* - U\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)\right) + \left(t - \frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot 2\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot U\right)} + (\left(-\left(U - U*\right)\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\left(U - U*\right) \cdot \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right)}\]
    7. Applied simplify56.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{(\left(U* - U\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)\right) + \left(t - \frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot 2\right)\right))_* \cdot \left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot U\right) + \color{blue}{\left(0 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot 2\right)}}\]
    8. Taylor expanded around inf 47.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \left(t \cdot U\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{{n}^{2} \cdot \left(U* \cdot \left({\ell}^{2} \cdot U\right)\right)}{{Om}^{2}}\right) - 2 \cdot \frac{{n}^{2} \cdot \left({\ell}^{2} \cdot {U}^{2}\right)}{{Om}^{2}}\right)} + \left(0 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot 2\right)}\]
    9. Applied simplify42.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{(2 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{n}{Om} \cdot \frac{n}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(\left(U* \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right) - \left(\ell \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\ell \cdot U\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(U \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot n\right)\right))_*}}\]

    if 4.9505377713293e-321 < (* 2 (* U n))

    1. Initial program 27.7

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied sqrt-prod20.2

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

Runtime

Time bar (total: 3.0m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed '#(1070706311 3771791028 4128836681 4194990999 2341756049 504035650)' +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (n U t l Om U*)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (13)"
  (sqrt (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*))))))