Average Error: 36.4 → 12.6
Time: 1.8m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 2432
\[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
\[-\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{3} \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{3}}{{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right)}^{3}}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Target

Original36.4
Target14.9
Herbie12.6
\[\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x \cdot \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 36.4

    \[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied tan-sum21.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied frac-2neg21.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right)}{-\left(1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}} - \tan x\]
  6. Applied simplify21.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right)}{\color{blue}{(\left(\tan x\right) \cdot \left(\tan \varepsilon\right) + \left(-1\right))_*}} - \tan x\]
  7. Taylor expanded around -inf 12.6

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied add-cbrt-cube12.6

    \[\leadsto -\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)}}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]
  10. Applied add-cbrt-cube12.6

    \[\leadsto -\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]
  11. Applied add-cbrt-cube12.6

    \[\leadsto -\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\sin x \cdot \sin x\right) \cdot \sin x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]
  12. Applied cbrt-unprod12.6

    \[\leadsto -\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\sin x \cdot \sin x\right) \cdot \sin x\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]
  13. Applied cbrt-undiv12.6

    \[\leadsto -\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(\left(\sin x \cdot \sin x\right) \cdot \sin x\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}{\left(\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right)}}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]
  14. Applied simplify12.6

    \[\leadsto -\left(\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sin x\right)}^{3} \cdot {\left(\sin \varepsilon\right)}^{3}}{{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right)}^{3}}}} - 1\right)} + \left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} + \frac{\sin x}{\cos x \cdot \left(\frac{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x} - 1\right)}\right)\right)\]

Runtime

Time bar (total: 1.8m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed '#(1070706311 3771791028 4128836681 4194990999 2341756049 504035650)' +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2tan (problem 3.3.2)"

  :herbie-target
  (/ (sin eps) (* (cos x) (cos (+ x eps))))

  (- (tan (+ x eps)) (tan x)))