Average Error: 33.2 → 29.7
Time: 5.3m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 384
\[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le -1.069539600676056 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le -1.3283666308883656 \cdot 10^{-304}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \le 2.7965540730031745 \cdot 10^{-190}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus n

Bits error versus U

Bits error versus t

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus Om

Bits error versus U*

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if l < -1.069539600676056e-57 or -1.3283666308883656e-304 < l < 2.7965540730031745e-190

    1. Initial program 35.4

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*31.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied unpow231.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    6. Applied associate-*r*30.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    7. Using strategy rm
    8. Applied associate-*l*30.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\right)}\]

    if -1.069539600676056e-57 < l < -1.3283666308883656e-304 or 2.7965540730031745e-190 < l

    1. Initial program 32.0

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*29.7

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied unpow229.7

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    6. Applied associate-*r*28.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    7. Using strategy rm
    8. Applied associate-*l*29.1

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Removed slow pow expressions.

Runtime

Time bar (total: 5.3m)Debug logProfile

herbie shell --seed '#(1063027428 1192549564 1443466578 604016274 3637110559 1698629644)' 
(FPCore (n U t l Om U*)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (13)"
  (sqrt (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*))))))