Average Error: 33.6 → 26.3
Time: 6.7m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 384
\[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \le 4.688956426545208 \cdot 10^{-289}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{2 \cdot n} \cdot \sqrt{U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus n

Bits error versus U

Bits error versus t

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus Om

Bits error versus U*

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if n < 4.688956426545208e-289

    1. Initial program 33.6

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied unpow233.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Applied associate-*r*33.0

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    5. Using strategy rm
    6. Applied associate-*l*32.3

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}}\]
    7. Using strategy rm
    8. Applied associate-/l*29.5

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\]

    if 4.688956426545208e-289 < n

    1. Initial program 33.6

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied unpow233.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{Om} \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Applied associate-*r*32.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right)} \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    5. Using strategy rm
    6. Applied associate-*l*33.1

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}}\]
    7. Using strategy rm
    8. Applied associate-/l*30.3

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\]
    9. Using strategy rm
    10. Applied sqrt-prod22.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot n} \cdot \sqrt{U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(\left(n \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \frac{\ell}{Om}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Removed slow pow expressions.

Runtime

Time bar (total: 6.7m)Debug log

herbie shell --seed '#(1567391828 2030694642 2833800258 828025724 3004380912 3532991858)' +o setup:early-exit
(FPCore (n U t l Om U*)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (13)"
  (sqrt (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*))))))