Average Error: 37.3 → 1.1
Time: 26.0s
Precision: 64
Internal precision: 2176
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
⬇
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -10367677505.79379:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon - \sin x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le 5.496498246559763 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\varepsilon + \left(x + x\right)}{2}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Target

Original37.3
Comparison15.4
Herbie1.1
\[ 2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right) \]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes.

  2. if eps < -10367677505.79379

    1. Initial program 30.1

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied sin-sum 0.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]

    4. Applied associate--l+ 0.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(\cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon - \sin x\right)}\]

    if -10367677505.79379 < eps < 5.496498246559763e-32

    1. Initial program 44.9

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied diff-sin 44.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) - x}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) + x}{2}\right)\right)}\]

    4. Applied simplify 0.9

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\varepsilon + \left(x + x\right)}{2}\right)\right)}\]

    if 5.496498246559763e-32 < eps

    1. Initial program 30.6

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied sin-sum 2.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Removed slow pow expressions

Runtime

Time bar (total: 26.0s) Debug logProfile

Please include this information when filing a bug report:

herbie shell --seed '#(1064524629 4159152179 2999149171 575749698 4006532819 692958815)'
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))