\[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
Test:
NMSE problem 3.3.5
Bits:
128 bits
Bits error versus x
Bits error versus eps
Time: 37.0 s
Input Error: 36.6
Output Error: 3.5
Log:
Profile: 🕒
\(\begin{cases} \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right) - \cos x & \text{when } \varepsilon \le -1.2511251203279263 \cdot 10^{-05} \\ \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot {x}^3 - \varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{2} + x\right) & \text{when } \varepsilon \le 1.4930744728056166 \cdot 10^{-05} \\ \log \left(e^{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right) & \text{otherwise} \end{cases}\)

    if eps < -1.2511251203279263e-05

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      30.6
    2. Using strategy rm
      30.6
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      0.9
    4. Using strategy rm
      0.9
    5. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{red}{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right) - \cos x \leadsto \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)}\right) - \cos x\]
      1.0

    if -1.2511251203279263e-05 < eps < 1.4930744728056166e-05

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      45.2
    2. Applied taylor to get
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x \leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)\]
      6.9
    3. Taylor expanded around 0 to get
      \[\color{red}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)}\]
      6.9
    4. Applied simplify to get
      \[\color{red}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot {x}^3 - \varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{2} + x\right)}\]
      6.9

    if 1.4930744728056166e-05 < eps

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      30.2
    2. Using strategy rm
      30.2
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      1.0
    4. Using strategy rm
      1.0
    5. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \color{red}{\cos x} \leadsto \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)}\]
      1.1
    6. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{red}{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right) \leadsto \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)}\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)\]
      1.1
    7. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\color{red}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right) \leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}\right)} - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)\]
      1.3
    8. Applied diff-log to get
      \[\color{red}{\left(\log \left(e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}\right) - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right) \leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}\right)} - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)\]
      1.3
    9. Applied diff-log to get
      \[\color{red}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}}{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\]
      1.4
    10. Applied simplify to get
      \[\log \color{red}{\left(\frac{\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}}{e^{\cos x}}\right)} \leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)}\]
      1.1

  1. Removed slow pow expressions

Original test:


(lambda ((x default) (eps default))
  #:name "NMSE problem 3.3.5"
  (- (cos (+ x eps)) (cos x)))