\[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
Test:
NMSE problem 3.3.5
Bits:
128 bits
Bits error versus x
Bits error versus eps
Time: 8.7 s
Input Error: 17.5
Output Error: 2.4
Log: ⚲
Profile: 🕒
\(\begin{cases} \sqrt[3]{{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)\right)}^3} & \text{when } \varepsilon \le -0.0011422609f0 \\ \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot {x}^3 - \varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{2} + x\right) & \text{when } \varepsilon \le 2.8713222f-07 \\ \sqrt[3]{{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)\right)}^3} & \text{otherwise} \end{cases}\)

    if eps < -0.0011422609f0

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      14.6
    2. Using strategy rm
      14.6
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      1.0
    4. Applied associate--l- to get
      \[\color{red}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \cos x} \leadsto \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)}\]
      1.0
    5. Using strategy rm
      1.0
    6. Applied add-cbrt-cube to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)\right)}^3}}\]
      1.1

    if -0.0011422609f0 < eps < 2.8713222f-07

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      21.5
    2. Applied taylor to get
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x \leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)\]
      3.5
    3. Taylor expanded around 0 to get
      \[\color{red}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)}\]
      3.5
    4. Applied simplify to get
      \[\color{red}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot {x}^{3}\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\varepsilon}^2 + \varepsilon \cdot x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot {x}^3 - \varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{2} + x\right)}\]
      3.5

    if 2.8713222f-07 < eps

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      15.7
    2. Using strategy rm
      15.7
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      2.3
    4. Applied associate--l- to get
      \[\color{red}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \cos x} \leadsto \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)}\]
      2.3
    5. Using strategy rm
      2.3
    6. Applied add-cbrt-cube to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon + \cos x\right)\right)}^3}}\]
      2.3
  1. Removed slow pow expressions

Original test:


(lambda ((x default) (eps default))
  #:name "NMSE problem 3.3.5"
  (- (cos (+ x eps)) (cos x)))