\[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
Test:
NMSE problem 3.3.5
Bits:
128 bits
Bits error versus x
Bits error versus eps
Time: 40.1 s
Input Error: 39.7
Output Error: 0.6
Log:
Profile: 🕒
\(\begin{cases} \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right) - \cos x & \text{when } \varepsilon \le -6.349368961717618 \cdot 10^{-07} \\ \left(\sin x \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \varepsilon\right) - \varepsilon \cdot \sin x & \text{when } \varepsilon \le 0.0441511379087146 \\ \log \left(e^{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right) & \text{otherwise} \end{cases}\)

    if eps < -6.349368961717618e-07

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      30.8
    2. Using strategy rm
      30.8
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      1.0
    4. Using strategy rm
      1.0
    5. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{red}{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right) - \cos x \leadsto \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)}\right) - \cos x\]
      1.1

    if -6.349368961717618e-07 < eps < 0.0441511379087146

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      48.8
    2. Using strategy rm
      48.8
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      48.3
    4. Using strategy rm
      48.3
    5. Applied add-cube-cbrt to get
      \[\color{red}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \cos x} \leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \cos x}\right)}^3}\]
      48.3
    6. Applied taylor to get
      \[{\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \cos x}\right)}^3 \leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{3} \cdot \sin x\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^2 \cdot \cos x\right) + \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)\]
      0.1
    7. Taylor expanded around 0 to get
      \[\color{red}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{3} \cdot \sin x\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^2 \cdot \cos x\right) + \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{3} \cdot \sin x\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^2 \cdot \cos x\right) + \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\]
      0.1
    8. Applied simplify to get
      \[\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{3} \cdot \sin x\right) - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^2 \cdot \cos x\right) + \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right) \leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^3 \cdot \sin x\right) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\varepsilon \cdot \varepsilon\right) \cdot \cos x\right)\right) - \sin x \cdot \varepsilon\]
      0.1

    9. Applied final simplification
    10. Applied simplify to get
      \[\color{red}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^3 \cdot \sin x\right) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\varepsilon \cdot \varepsilon\right) \cdot \cos x\right)\right) - \sin x \cdot \varepsilon} \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos x\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \varepsilon\right) - \varepsilon \cdot \sin x}\]
      0.1

    if 0.0441511379087146 < eps

    1. Started with
      \[\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x\]
      30.4
    2. Using strategy rm
      30.4
    3. Applied cos-sum to get
      \[\color{red}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x \leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \cos x\]
      0.8
    4. Using strategy rm
      0.8
    5. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \color{red}{\cos x} \leadsto \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)}\]
      0.9
    6. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{red}{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right) \leadsto \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)}\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)\]
      1.0
    7. Applied add-log-exp to get
      \[\left(\color{red}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right) \leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}\right)} - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)\]
      1.1
    8. Applied diff-log to get
      \[\color{red}{\left(\log \left(e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}\right) - \log \left(e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right) \leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}\right)} - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)\]
      1.2
    9. Applied diff-log to get
      \[\color{red}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}\right) - \log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)} \leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}}{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\]
      1.3
    10. Applied simplify to get
      \[\log \color{red}{\left(\frac{\frac{e^{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon}}{e^{\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}}}{e^{\cos x}}\right)} \leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon}\right)}\]
      1.0

  1. Removed slow pow expressions

Original test:


(lambda ((x default) (eps default))
  #:name "NMSE problem 3.3.5"
  (- (cos (+ x eps)) (cos x)))